不孕女性抑郁焦虑状况及其影响因素研究  

Status quo and influencing factors of depression and anxiety in infertile women

作　　者：彭芳[1] Peng Fang(Reproductive Medicine Center, Remin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院生殖医学中心,武汉430060

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2019年第8期991-996,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的调查不孕女性抑郁、焦虑的发生情况,探讨其影响因素,为改善不孕女性心理状况提供借鉴。方法采用定量与定性相结合的混合性研究设计。选取2016年9月—2017年2月在武汉大学人民医院生殖中心住院的符合不孕症诊断标准的320例不孕女性进行定量分析,采用SDS、SAS进行调查。在接受定量研究的对象中,按照资料饱和原则,选择14例存在抑郁、焦虑症状的住院不孕女性进行半结构式访谈。定量研究共发放问卷320份,回收有效问卷297份(92.81%)。结果297例不孕女性SDS、SAS得分分别为(45.85±10.00)、(41.45±7.71)分,抑郁总检出率为21.5%,焦虑总检出率为14.8%,同时存在抑郁、焦虑者占9.8%。不同居住条件、婚姻关系、公婆关系、同事邻里关系、有无负性生活事件不孕女性SDS、SAS得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。定性研究结果提炼出影响不孕女性抑郁、焦虑的3个主题为个人价值与情感、来自家庭及社会的压力、医疗服务不足。结论不孕女性的抑郁、焦虑检出率较高,其抑郁、焦虑水平受到个人价值与情感、来自家庭及社会的压力、医疗服务不足等因素的影响。建议通过提高自身应对能力、社会支持和就医体验等措施,以有效降低不孕患者的抑郁、焦虑水平。Objective To explore the incidence of depression and anxiety in infertile women, to discuss its influencing factors and to provide a reference for improving the psychological status in infertile women. Methods A quantitative and qualitative study design was adopted. Totally 320 infertile women who conformed to infertility norms admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between September 2016 and February 2017 were selected for quantitative analysis and investigated with Self-Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Anxiety Scale (SAS). A total of 14 infertile women with depression and anxiety were selected out of these subjects for semi-structured interview as per the data saturation principle. Totally 320 questionnaires were distributed and 297 of them (92.81%) were collected in the quantitative study. Results The SDS and SAS scores of the 297 infertile women were (45.85±10.00) and (41.45±7.71), with total depression and anxiety detection rates of 21.5% and 14.8%. 9.8% of the subjects were found with both depression and anxiety. There was statistical difference in SDS and SAS scores between infertile women with different housing conditions, marital status, in-laws relations, relationship with colleagues and neighbors, or negative life events (P<0.05). The results of qualitative research refined three themes that affect the depression and anxiety of infertile women: personal value and emotion, pressure from family and society, and inadequate medical services. Conclusions The detection rate of depression and anxiety is high in infertile women, whose depression and anxiety levels are affected by personal values and emotions, pressure from family and society, insufficient medical service and other factors. It is advised that the infertile women's response ability, social support and medical experience be improved to effectively reduce their depression and anxiety.

关 键 词：抑郁 焦虑 定性研究 定量研究 不孕 女性 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]