高疏水石英砂滤料的制备及其油水分离性能研究  

Preparation of Highly Hydrophobic Quartz Sand Filter Media and Study on Oily Wastewater Separation Performance

作　　者：刘建林[1] 朱晓非 未碧贵[1] 常青[1] LIU Jian-lin;ZHU Xiao-fei;WEI Bi-gui;CHANG Qing(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2019年第2期99-103,109,共6页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51668032);兰州交通大学“百名青年优秀人才培养计划”基金(152022)

摘　　要：为了提高石英砂滤料的表面疏水性,以改善其过滤含油废水的除油性能,利用十三烷酸和十八烷基三氯硅烷两种试剂对石英砂滤料进行复合表面改性,得到了高疏水石英砂滤料.利用DSA100接触角测定仪测定了改性前后石英砂滤料的接触角,利用SEM对滤料表面形貌进行了分析,利用FTIR和XPS对滤料表面化学结构和元素进行了分析,研究了未改性石英砂和高疏水石英砂滤料对水和不同种类油的吸附能力以及静态除油性能.实验结果表明:改性后,两种改性剂的有机长链通过化学键接枝到了石英砂滤料表面,使滤料表面的水的接触角增大到了134.2°,达到了高疏水水平,而油的接触角仍为0°.高疏水石英砂滤料对水的吸附能力只有改性前的4%,而对不同种类油的吸附能力分别提高了27%~1000%;对机油和菜籽油的静态吸附去除率分别提高了22.7%和25.4%.This study aimed to improve the surface hydrophobicity of quartz sand filter media and increase the oil removal efficiency for oily wastewater during filtration.The surface of quartz sand filter media is modified with tridecanoic acid and octadecyl trichlorosilane,and highly hydrophobic quartz sand filter media are prepared.The contact angle of the modified quartz sand filter media is measured by using a DSA100 contact angle meter,the surface morphology of the filter media is observed via scanning electron microscopy,and the surface chemical structure and elements of the filter media are analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).The absorption capacity and static oil removal performance of unmodified quartz sand and highly hydrophobic quartz sand filter media against water and different types of oil are evaluated.Experimental results show that the organic long chain graft onto the surface of the quartz sand filter by chemical bond after the modification.In addition,the water contact angle on the surface of the filter media increases to 134.2° of a high hydrophobicity after the modification,while the contact angle of oil is still 0°.The adsorption capacity of high hydrophobic quartz sand filter material against water is only 4% before modification,and the adsorption capacity of different kinds of oil is increased by 27%~ 1 000% respectively,and the static removal efficiency against engine oil and rapeseed oil increased by 22.7% and 25.4% respectively after the modification.

关 键 词：高疏水 石英砂滤料 含油废水 过滤 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]