Using irrigation intervals to optimize water-use efficiency and maize yield in Xinjiang,northwest China  

作　　者：Guoqiang Zhang Dongping Shen Bo Ming Ruizhi Xie Xiuliang Jin Chaowei Liu Peng Hou Jun Xue Jianglu Chen Wanxu Zhang Wanmao Liu Keru Wang Shaokun Li 

机构地区：[1]The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture,Xinjiang Production and Construction Group,College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China [2]Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China [3]Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China [4]UMR EMMAH,INRA,UAPV,84914 Avignon,France [5]Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Division 6 of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group,Wujiaqu 831300,Xinjiang,China

出　　处：《The Crop Journal》2019年第3期322-334,共13页作物学报（英文版）

基　　金：research support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300110, 2016YFD0300101);the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB150401);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31360302);the Science and Technology Program of the Sixth Division of Xinjiang Construction Corps in China (1703);the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program for financial support.

摘　　要：Worldwide, scarce water resources and substantial food demands require efficient water use and high yield.This study investigated whether irrigation frequency can be used to adjust soil moisture to increase grain yield and water use efficiency(WUE) of high-yield maize under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.A field experiment was conducted using three irrigation intervals in 2016: 6, 9, and 12 days(labeled D6, D9, and D12) and five irrigation intervals in 2017: 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days(D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15).In Xinjiang, an optimal irrigation quota is 540 mm for high-yield maize.The D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15 irrigation intervals gave grain yields of 19.7, 19.1–21.0, 18.8–20.0, 18.2–19.2, and 17.2 Mg ha^-1 and a WUE of 2.48, 2.53–2.80, 2.47–2.63, 2.34–2.45, and 2.08 kg m-3, respectively.Treatment D6 led to the highest soil water storage, but evapotranspiration and soil-water evaporation were lower than other treatments.These results show that irrigation interval D6 can help maintain a favorable soil-moisture environment in the upper-60-cm soil layer, reduce soilwater evaporation and evapotranspiration, and produce the highest yield and WUE.In this arid region and in other regions with similar soil and climate conditions, a similar irrigation interval would thus be beneficial for adjusting soil moisture to increase maize yield and WUE under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.Worldwide, scarce water resources and substantial food demands require efficient water use and high yield.This study investigated whether irrigation frequency can be used to adjust soil moisture to increase grain yield and water use efficiency（WUE） of high-yield maize under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.A field experiment was conducted using three irrigation intervals in 2016: 6, 9, and 12 days（labeled D6, D9, and D12） and five irrigation intervals in 2017: 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days（D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15）.In Xinjiang, an optimal irrigation quota is 540 mm for high-yield maize.The D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15 irrigation intervals gave grain yields of 19.7, 19.1–21.0, 18.8–20.0, 18.2–19.2, and 17.2 Mg ha-1 and a WUE of 2.48, 2.53–2.80, 2.47–2.63, 2.34–2.45, and 2.08 kg m-3, respectively.Treatment D6 led to the highest soil water storage, but evapotranspiration and soil-water evaporation were lower than other treatments.These results show that irrigation interval D6 can help maintain a favorable soil-moisture environment in the upper-60-cm soil layer, reduce soilwater evaporation and evapotranspiration, and produce the highest yield and WUE.In this arid region and in other regions with similar soil and climate conditions, a similar irrigation interval would thus be beneficial for adjusting soil moisture to increase maize yield and WUE under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.

关 键 词：Irrigation frequency Soil moisture MAIZE High yield(>15 Mg ha^(-1)) Water use efficiency 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]