某大型机加车间数控机床噪声暴露特点与分析研究  

Study on characteristics and analysis of noise exposure of NC Machine Tools in a large machine workshop

作　　者：刘茜[1] 史聪灵[1] 伍彬彬[1] 胥旋[1] 石杰红[1] 王莹 王飞 LIU Qian;SHI Congling;WU Binbin;XU Xuan;SHI Jiehong;WANG Ying;WANG Fei(Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012;CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd., Changchun Jilin 130062)

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院地铁火灾与客流疏运安全北京市重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2019年第5期161-166,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0801700);国家自然科学基金项目(51622403);人才特殊支持经费项目(WRJH201801);基本科研业务费专项(2019JBKY01;2019JBKY02)

摘　　要：为研究大型机加车间噪声现状和特点,选取某大型机加车间数控机床开展现场实测,并对噪声测量结果进行分析。结果显示:数控机床产生的噪声是非稳态噪声;数控机床产生的噪声在车间传播,声场分布不均匀;加工某转向工件频率在500～5 300 Hz,峰值频率分别为500,800,2 000,5 000 Hz;对机加数控机床操作岗位工作人员的8 h噪声暴露量进行测量,测量值为89. 2 d B(A)。研究结果表明:评价大型机加车间噪声,测量重点应选在机床操作岗位和人行通道;应重点关注被测机床周围20 m内的噪声值;机加工作场所测量时间段的选择取决于作业持续时间。To study the present situation and characteristics of the noise in a large machine workshop,field measurement to the numerical control machine tools( NC Machine Tools) has been taken in a selected large machine workshop,and the noise measurement obtained on-site were analyzed. The results show that the noise generated by NC Machine Tools is unsteady noise. When the noise transmits in the workshop,the sound field are unevenly distributed. When the frequency of processing a certain steering workpiece is from 500 Hz to 5 300 Hz,the peak frequencies are 500 Hz,800 Hz,2 000 Hz and 5 000 Hz,respectively. Also the 8-hour noise exposure of the machine operator is measured at a value of 89. 2 d B( A). The results show that it proposes the key places for large machine workshop noise measurement are the operation posts and personnel aisles. Main attention should be paid to the noise within 20 meters around the studied machine tools. The selection of the measurement time period of workplace depends on the duration of operation.

关 键 词：大型机加车间 噪声 职业噪声暴露 

分 类 号：X966[环境科学与工程—安全科学]