煤层定向分段水力压裂增透装置应用试验研究  

Experimental study and application of directional subdivision hydraulic fracturing and permeability improvement device

作　　者：马文伟 李江涛 梁文勖[1,2] MA Wenwei;LI Jiangtao;LIANG Wenxu(Shenyang Research Institute, China Coal Technology and EngineeringGroup, Shenyang 110016,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Safety Technology, Fushun 122113,China;School of Resources and CivilEngineering, NortheasternUniversity, Shenyang 110819, China)

机构地区：[1]煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]煤矿安全技术国家重点实验室,辽宁抚顺122113 [3]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2019年第5期132-138,共7页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2016ZX05045-004-001)

摘　　要：煤层定向分段水力压裂技术是增加煤层透气性的有效方法,通过介绍定向分段水力压裂增透技术的基本原理,在实验室内试验了考察所研制的分段水力压裂关键装置的特性,并在淮南潘四东煤矿进行了现场工业试验,结果表明:高压封孔胶囊具有良好的膨胀性和抗收缩性,封孔效果良好,注水器的端堵扭矩在现场应用中应设定在3 N·m以上,13-1煤层的起裂压力在28～30 MPa,单段压裂10 m距离所用的时间为1 h,耗水量10～13 t,压裂时间和耗水量均远小于全孔段水力压裂工艺;实施定向分段水力压裂增透措施后,煤层的平均瓦斯体积分数提高了1.72～3.04倍,平均混合流量提高了2.00～4.04倍,平均日抽采量提高了2.94～10.87倍,能够有效增加煤层透气性。Directional subdivision hydraulic fracturing is one of the most effective ways to increase permeability of coal seams. The basic principle of directional subdivision hydraulic fracturing technology is introduced in the paper. Laboratory tests were conducted to explore the characteristic of subdivision hydraulic fracturing key device. The results indicate that the high pressure sealing has good expansibility and anti- contractility and the end plugging torque of the water injector should be set at3 N·m or more. The experiment results were then validated through practical applications in Pansidong coal mine. It show that the initiation pressure of13-1 coal seam is28~30 MPa,the time of single-stage fracturing10 m is about one hour, and the water consumption is10~13 t. It is also found that the fracturing time and water consumption of directional subdivision hydraulic fracturing are much less than those for full hole hydraulic fracturing technology.After directional hydraulic fracturing, the average gas concentration of coal seam is increased by1.72 ~3.04 times, the average mixed flow rate is increased by2.00~4.04 times, the average daily extraction capacity is increased by2.94~10.87 times. This paper proves that the directional subdivision hydraulic fracturing device could effectively increase the permeability of coal seam.

关 键 词：定向分段水力压裂 渗透率 瓦斯抽采 压裂装置 

分 类 号：TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]