地层围岩对华南脉状钨矿床的成矿控制作用研究述评  

Mineralization Control Effect of Stratigraphic Surrounding Rock on the Vein-shaped Tungsten Deposit in Southern China: a Research Review

作　　者：吴开兴[1] 王永航 孙涛[1] 郭小飞 胡咏梅[1] 陈陵康[1] 刘卫明[1] WU Kaixing;WANG Yonghang;SUN Tao;GUO Xiaofei;HU Yongmei;CHEN Lingkang;LIU Weiming(Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学江西省矿业工程重点实验室

出　　处：《中国钨业》2019年第1期22-31,共10页China Tungsten Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41602335,41063001);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ160595)

摘　　要：一般认为,脉状钨矿床,即石英脉型钨矿床,属岩浆热流体充填成因。但多方统计资料表明其分布明显受钨丰度高的层位控制,那么这种以热流体充填为主形成的矿床,其分布为何与地层有如此密切的关系?为此作者就地层围岩对华南脉状钨矿床的成矿控制作用问题进行了文献综述,指出地层的赋矿强度与其原始含钨量并无直接关系,而是主要取决于其在成矿时期与成矿花岗岩侵入体之间的空间位置关系,与其说是因为地层围岩的钨丰度高导致区内脉状钨矿床丛生,不如说是因为区内脉状钨矿床丛生导致赋矿地层的钨丰度值升高了。鉴于在脉状钨矿床的产出是否受地层围岩的岩性制约,以及地层围岩的物质成分是否参与了矿脉的形成等问题上还存在重大争议,结合国外脉状钨矿床的最新研究进展,建议对华南脉状钨矿床成矿所需Fe、Mn的来源及水-岩相互作用对成矿所起的作用等问题进行深入思考和研究,并对其研究方法途径提出了建议。It is generally believed that vein type tungsten deposit, namely quartz-vein type tungsten deposit, is formed by filling of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. However, multiple statistical data show that its distribution is controlled by strata with high tungsten abundance. Why is the distribution of the deposit formed mainly by filling of hydrothermal fluids so closely related to the strata? In this paper, the control effects of the local wall rock on the formation of the vein type tungsten deposit in Southern China is reviewed. It is pointed out that the ore-hosting strength of the strata is not directly related to their original tungsten contents, but mainly depends on their spatial relationship with ore-forming granitic intrusions during the mineralization. It is also believed that the tungsten abundances of the host strata have increased due to the intensive formation of vein tungsten deposits in the area rather than the intensive formation of vein type tungsten deposits has been caused by the high tungsten abundances of the host strata. In view of significant controversy still remains on issues that whether the formation of vein tungsten deposit is restricted by the lithology of wall rock and whether the material composition of wall rock is involved in the formation of ore veins. Based on the latest research on the genesis of vein type tungsten deposits abroad, we suggest that issues as the source of Fe and Mn needed for the mineralization of vein type tungsten deposits in South China and the role of water-rock interaction in the mineralization, are worth deeply researching. Suggestions are also put forward on the research methods and approaches.

关 键 词：华南 脉状钨矿床 控矿因素 围岩 控制作用 

分 类 号：P618.67[天文地球—矿床学]