高铁地震数据干涉成像技术初探  

Interferometry imaging using high-speed-train induced seismic waves

作　　者：张唤兰[1,2] 王保利 宁杰远 李幼铭[5,6] ZHANG HuanLan;WANG BaoLi;NING JieYuan;LI YouMing(College of Geology and Environment,Xi′an University of Science and Technology,Xi′an 710054,China;Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation,Xi′an 710054,China;Xi′an Research Institute of China Coal Research Institute,Xi′an 710049,China;School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;The Joint Research Group of High-Speed Rail Seismology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,西安710054 [2]陕西省煤炭绿色开发地质保障重点实验室,西安710054 [3]中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司,西安710049 [4]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [5]中科院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [6]高铁地震学联合研究组,北京100029

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2019年第6期2321-2327,共7页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41674135,51808444);陕西省煤炭绿色开发地质保障重点实验室基础研究计划项目(MTy2019-11)联合资助

摘　　要：高铁运行会引起铁轨的震动,从而产生地震波向地下介质中传播,通过研究该地震波可对高铁沿线的地质情况进行持续监测.与常规地震勘探中的震源相比,高铁地震中的震源较为复杂,为移动震源,而地震干涉技术可以通过地震记录间的相互干涉,消除震源的影响,因此可利用地震干涉技术对高铁地震信号进行处理并成像.本文通过分析研究,总结出地震干涉方法在处理高铁地震数据时的关键技术问题:不同于常规地震干涉中先干涉后叠加的干涉成像方式,高铁地震移动源的特点使得干涉顺序变为先叠加后干涉,由此带入了大量震源串扰噪声;初步提出两种解决高铁地震干涉成像的思路:通过对高铁地震信号的处理,使高铁变相"提速"或"降速",给出了"提速"或"降速"后各自的成像思路,并给出了数据处理的技术设想.A running high-speed-train can cause vibration of rails,generating seismic waves to propagate in the subsurface.Geological conditions along a railroad can be continuously monitored by studying such seismic waves.Compared with conventional seismic exploration,the source of high-speed-train induced seismic waves,a moving one,is more complex.The seismic interferometry can eliminate the influence of the source through the interference between seismic records.Therefore,this method can be used to process high-speed-train seismic signals and image subsurface structure.This paper summarizes the key technical problems of seismic interferometry in this aspect.Unlike conventional seismic interferometry,the moving source of the high-speed-train makes the interference sequence superimposed first and then interfered,which brings in a lot of source crosstalk noise.Two solutions to this issue are put forward preliminarily: the high-speed-train can be "accelerated" or "decelerated" in a disguised form by processing the signal of high-speed-train seismic waves,and the ideas on imaging after "acceleration" or "deceleration" and the technical approach of data processing are proposed,respectively.

关 键 词：地震干涉 高铁地震 格林函数 串扰噪声 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]