上官安终官考  

An Investigation of the Final Official Position of Shangguan An ——On General Issues of the Western Han Dynasty

作　　者：罗凯[1] LUO Kai(College of History and Culture,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第3期86-89,共4页Journal of China West Normal University:Philosophy & Social Sciences

摘　　要：汉昭帝皇后之父上官安最后的官职,诸史往往作骠(票)骑将军或车骑将军,然二者地位皆高于左将军,《汉书·昭帝纪》所载两次具名却皆在左将军之后,不符合官场逻辑。西汉元、成间博士褚少孙所补《孝昭以来侯者表》,上官安的官职三处皆作"骑将军",应更符合实际情况。一则褚少孙生活的时代比班氏父子早,更能得到原始史料,《孝昭以来侯者表》的史料价值高于《汉书》的相关记述;二则骑将军地位低于左将军,逻辑上没有问题;三则骑将军正对应上官安之前的官职骑都尉,顺理成章;四则骑将军误为骠(票)骑将军或车骑将军的情况屡有发生,凡此种种,均说明上官安终官应是"骑将军"。坐实上官安去世前的官职为骑将军,对认识和理解西汉尤其是昭、宣时期的政治,不无裨益。The final official position of Shangguan An,the father-in-law of emperor Zhao of the Han dynasty,was generally considered as general of the flying cavalry or general of chariots and cavalry.Actually,both of the official titles ranked higher than the left general.But according to The Book of Former Han,his rank was lower than the left general,which did not conform to the logic of officialdom.In the western Han dynasty,Dr.Chu Shaosun supplemented The List of Marquises Since Emperor Xiaozhao,in which the official position of Shangguan An was written as general of the cavalry in three places,which should be more accordant with the practical?circumstance.There are four reasons.First,the era that Dr.Chu Shaosun lived was earlier than that of Ban Gu and his father,so he could get more original historical data,and the historical value of The List of Marquises Since Emperor Xiaozhao was higher than The Book of Former Han.Second,the status of general of the cavalry was lower than the left general t,which was logically right.Third,general of the cavalry corresponded to commandant of the cavalry,which was Shangguan An’s previous official position.Fourth,general of the Cavalry was often mistaken for general of the flying cavalry or general of cfhariots and cavalry frequently.To summarize,the final official position of Shangguan An should be general of the cavalry.The confirmation of Shangguan An’s final official position is helpful for us to know and understand the politics of the western Han dynasty,especially the periods of emperor Zhao and emperor Xuan.

关 键 词：上官安 车骑将军 骠骑将军 骑将军 

分 类 号：K236[历史地理—历史学]