黄河三角洲盐碱地区耐盐牧草与经济作物筛选  

Screening of Salt-Tolerant Herbage and Economic Crops in Saline-Alkali Areas of the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：温延臣[1] 孔少华 赵同凯 徐久凯 林治安[1] 李志杰[1] Wen Yanchen;Kong Shaohua;Zhao Tongkai;Xu Jiukai;Lin Zhian;Li Zhijie(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Linyi County,Linyi 251500,China;Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dezhou 253015,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [2]临邑县农业技术推广中心,山东临邑251500 [3]德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州253015

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2019年第5期42-46,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(产业关键技术)项目“盐碱地粮经饲绿色开发关键技术研究与示范”(2016CYJS05A01-4);国家小麦产业技术体系德州综合实验站(CARS-03-2-25)

摘　　要：为充分发挥和挖掘黄河三角洲地区盐渍土地资源潜力,实现黄河三角洲地区盐碱地绿色改良、优化粮经饲作物三元种植结构,2017—2018年度在东营市农高区盐碱地种植10个耐盐牧草、4种经济作物和2种粮食作物进行耐盐作物筛选。结果从中选出在全盐含量2~4g/kg的中度盐渍土上表现较好的耐盐作物有苜蓿(中苜1号)、高丹草、蛋白桑、二月兰、毛叶苕子、冬牧70黑麦共6个牧草品种和甜高粱、棉花、油葵、油菜4种经济作物。这10个耐盐作物均可在该地区种植利用,并能获得较好的产量和经济效益,加快盐碱地的修复改良,为盐碱地资源高效开发、种植业结构优化布局提供支撑依据。In order to give full play to the potential of saline-alkali land resources, realize the green improvement of saline-alkali land and optimize the ternary planting structure of grain, economy and forage crops in the Yellow River Delta, ten species of salt-tolerant forages, four species of economic crops and two species of crops were planted in saline-alkali lands of the Nonggao District,Dongying City from 2017 to 2018 to screen out salt-tolerant crops. The results showed that six forage varieties of alfalfa(Zhongmu No.1), Sorghum bicolor, Folium Mori, Orychophragmus violaceus, Vicia villosa, and Secale cereale and four kinds of cash crops of Sorgrum dochna, cotton, Helianthus annuus, and Brassica napus had better salt tolerance in the medium saline soil with total salt content of 2 ~ 4 g/kg. These ten species of salt-tolerant crops could be planted and utilized in this area, and could obtain high yield and economic benefits. At the same time, it also could accelerate the rehabilitation and improvement of saline-alkali soil, and provide bases for efficient development of saline-alkali land resources and optimization of planting structure layout.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 盐碱地 耐盐作物 筛选 

分 类 号：S502.4[农业科学—作物学]