复合肥中腐植酸含量对冬小麦产量和氮吸收的影响  

Effect of Humic Acid Content in Composite Fertilizer on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Winter Wheat

作　　者：刘盛林[1] 董晓霞[1] 孙泽强[1] 崔双双 王学君[1] Liu Shenglin;Dong Xiaoxia;Sun Zeqiang;Cui Shuangshuang;Wang Xuejun(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ScientificObserving and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation (Shandong),Ministry of Agriculture,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业部山东耕地保育科学观测实验站

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2019年第5期89-93,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项“华北平原中南部旱地两熟区高强度利用退化及盐碱耕地培肥与合理农作制技术集成与示范”(201503121-06);山东省自然科学基金项目“黄河三角洲盐渍化农田磷库活化提升磷生物有效性途径研究”(ZR2017YL012);国家重点研发计划子课题“黄淮海冬小麦旱灾致灾机理及减灾保产调控关键技术研究”(2017YFD0300408-3)

摘　　要：为明确腐植酸添加量对复合肥施肥效应的影响,并为腐植酸复合肥在华北石灰性土壤冬小麦丰产中的应用提供参考,本研究在田间条件下,以普通复合肥处理为对照,研究施用不同腐植酸含量的复合肥(I^VI型,腐植酸含量1%~6%),对改善养分吸收和冬小麦产量的影响。结果表明:氮肥是冬小麦生长和产量的关键因子之一,但氮肥用量相同时,腐植酸含量对冬小麦产量和生物量无显著促进作用,复合肥中腐植酸含量为5%时氮肥利用率最佳,但与普通复合肥相比差异不显著;腐植酸含量为4%~6%的复合肥(Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ型)能够显著提高冬小麦有效分蘖数,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅵ型腐植酸复合肥显著提高籽粒中锰含量,5种类型腐植酸复合肥对土壤有机质、碱解氮含量均无显著提升作用。由于本试验为一季试验,腐植酸复合肥对冬小麦增产和氮肥利用率的提升效果尚需进一步研究。In order to clarify the effect of different content of humic acid additive on fertilization effect of composite fertilizer, and to provide evidences to increase winter wheat yield with humic-acid-composite fertilizer at limy soils in North China Plain, the effect of composite fertilizer with different contents of humic acid(type Ⅰ~Ⅵ with 1%~6% humic acid concentrations) on nutrient uptake and winter wheat yield increment compared to application common composite fertilizer was studied in field. The results showed that nitrogen amount was one critical factor for winter wheat growth and yield. With the same amount nitrogen application, the humic acid content had no significant promotion on winter wheat yield and biomass. The highest nitrogen efficiency was observed at composite fertilizer with 5% humic acid, but there was no significant difference compared with common composite fertilizer. Composite fertilizers with humic acid content ranging from 4% to 6%(Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ type) could significantly increase head-producing tiller number of winter wheat, and the humic-acid-composite fertilizer of type Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and VI could significantly enhance Mn content in wheat kernels. Five types of humic-acid-composite fertilizer had no significant effect on soil organic matter content and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content. The effect of humic-acid-composite fertilizer on winter wheat yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency needed to be further studied as this approach was proceeded by only one season trial.

关 键 词：腐植酸复合肥 冬小麦 产量 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S143.58[农业科学—肥料学]