政府在推进军民融合和国家科技创新中的资源创造作用——以美国为例  

The Government’s Role for Resource Creation in Promoting Military-Civic Integration and National Science and Technology Innovation ——Taking the United States as an Example

作　　者：贾利军[1] 陈恒烜 Jia Lijun;Chen Hengxuan(School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院

出　　处：《教学与研究》2019年第5期53-62,共10页Teaching and Research

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重点项目“军民融合推进京津冀制造业协同发展路径研究”(项目号:17LJA002)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：政府主导科技创新的历史事实集中体现在军民融合的进程之中,这种事实揭示了政府作用旨在于推动资源创造,而非主流经济学所谓弥补市场失灵的作用。本文通过考察美国20世纪军民融合的历史经验认为,军民融合本质上是由政府主导的国家科技创新模式,政府通过一系列灵活的规则和制度设计,有效地促进了新科技的涌现与扩散。科技创新本质上是资源创造而非资源配置,以科技创新为切入点重新考察政府作用,可以超越主流经济学的理论框架,从而从资源创造的视角扩展对政府的认知。因此,本文尝试用动态的、历史的方法考察政府在科技创新中的重要作用及其产生的原因。The historical facts of government-led scientific and technological innovation are concentrated in the process of military-civilian integration. This fact reveals that the role of government is to promote resource creation, rather than the role of mainstream economics to compensate for market failures. By examining the historical experience of military and civilian integration in the United States in the last century, this paper argues that the integration of military and civilian is essentially a national science and technology innovation model led by the government. Through a series of flexible rules and system design. the government has effectively promoted the emergence and spread of new technologies. In essence, technological innovation is resource creation rather than resource allocation. Re-examining the role of government with science and technology innovation as the starting point will help us expand the perception of government's role from the perspective of resource creation. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine the important role of government in science and technology innovation and its causes in a dynamic and historical way.

关 键 词：军民融合 政府 资源创造 科技创新 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]