企业异质性、出口对工资溢价的影响——基于中国工业企业微观数据的经验证据  

IMPACT OF ENTERPRISE HETEROGENEITY AND EXPORT ON WAGE PREMIUM IN CHINA —— Based on the Empirical Research from the CIED Data

作　　者：孙敬水[1] 丁宁[1] SUN Jing-shui;DING Ning(School of Economics, Zhejiang Gongshang University)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济理论与经济管理》2019年第5期33-47,共15页Economic Theory and Business Management

基　　金：“国家社会科学基金项目”(17BJY006)的资助

摘　　要：本文以企业异质性理论为基础,揭示了企业异质性、出口对工资溢价的影响机理。基于中国工业企业微观数据,对企业异质性、出口对工资溢价的影响进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:(1)企业异质性对工资溢价有显著的影响。其中企业创新能力、企业生产率、资本密集度与技术密集度、企业绩效对工资溢价有显著的正向影响,企业创新能力越强、生产率水平越高、绩效越好,其工资溢价越明显。(2)出口、出口补贴能够带来显著的工资溢价,工资溢价与出口密集度、出口补贴强度呈倒U型关系。(3)人力资本(员工受教育水平、职称、技能)对工资溢价有显著的正向影响。人力资本水平越高,其工资溢价越明显。此外,大型企业、中央直属企业、外资企业、沿海企业均存在明显的工资溢价。这一研究结果有着重要的政策启示。This paper reveals the influence mechanism of firm heterogeneity and export on wage premium, which is based on the theory of firm heterogeneity.This paper empirically tests the impact of firm heterogeneity and export on wage premium, which is based on the micro-data of China’s industrial enterprises.The results of research are as follows.First of all, firm heterogeneity has a significant impact on wage premium.The enterprise innovation ability, the enterprise productivity, the capital intensity and the technology intensity, the enterprise performance all have a significant positive impact on the wage premium.The higher of innovation capacity, the higher of the productivity level and the better performance generate the more obvious of wage premium.Second, export and export subsidies can bring a significant wage premium.The wage premium has an inverted U-shaped relationship with export intensity and export subsidy intensity.Third, human capital (education level, job title, skill) also has a significant positive effect on wage premium.The higher the level of human capital is, the more obvious the wage premium is.In addition, large enterprises, central enterprises, foreign enterprises and coastal enterprises all have obvious wage premium.The conclusions above provide important policy implications.

关 键 词：企业异质性 出口 工资溢价 创新能力 梅里兹模型 

分 类 号：F425[经济管理—产业经济] F272.92