楸树种间和种内杂种生长与光合系统氮素利用及分配的差异分析  

Difference Analysis of Growth and Nitrogen Utilization and Distribution in Photosynthetic System of Catalpa bungei Intraspecific and Interspecific Hybrids

作　　者：肖遥[1] 易飞[1] 韩东花 卢楠 杨桂娟[1] 赵鲲 王军辉[1] 麻文俊[1] Xiao Yao;Yi Fei;Han Donghua;Lu Nan;Yang Guijuan;Zhao Kun;Wang Junhui;Ma Wenjun(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationNational Forest Genetic Resource PlatformResearch Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091;Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Henan Province Luoyang 471002)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所林木遗传育种国家重点实验室国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室国家林木种质资源平台,北京100091 [2]河南省洛阳市农林科学院,洛阳471002

出　　处：《林业科学》2019年第5期55-64,共10页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题“楸树良种选育与高效培育技术研究”(2017YFD0600604)

摘　　要：【目的】采用课题组早期创制的楸树种内杂种和种间杂种为试验材料,比较杂种间多年的生长性状及光合生理生化特性。旨在明晰楸树种间和种内杂种的生长及光合能力差异及其原因,探究杂种叶片氮素利用及分配与光合效率的潜在关系,为楸树栽培及遗传改良提供参考。【方法】试验采用完全随机区组设计,测定种内杂种(楸树×楸树,Cbb)和种间杂种(楸树×滇楸,Cbf)1~5年树高和1~6年胸径及6年生时的叶片氮素含量、叶绿素含量、光响应曲线和CO2响应曲线。采用非直角双曲线模型拟合光响应曲线,FvCB生化模型(Farquhar、von Caemmerer和Berry提出的生物化学光合模型)拟合CO2响应曲线,分别计算了表观光合量子效率(AQY)、光补偿点(LCP)等气体交换参数及最大羧化效率(Vcmax)、最大电子传递速率(Jmax)等光合生理生化参数。并计算出光合系统(捕光系统,羧化系统和生物力能学组分)氮素分配比例。【结果】方差分析显示2年生以上的种内杂种Cbb树高和胸径均显著大于种间杂种Cbf。种间与种内杂种间叶绿素总量没有显著差异,但Cbf叶绿素b显著高出Cbb15.08%,Cbb的叶绿素a/b和类胡萝卜素/叶绿素总量比值均显著大于Cbf。Cbb具有更高的最大净光合速率、气孔导度、最大羧化效率和暗呼吸速率,表明了Cbb具有更强的光合能力。种间与种内杂种间叶片氮素含量没有显著差异,但Cbb光系统氮素分配比例相对较高,同时具有更高的光合氮素利用效率,这可能是其高光合效率的主要因素之一。相关分析表明楸树杂种光合氮素利用效率与氮素在羧化系统及生物力能学组分中的分配比例呈显著正相关;种内杂种Cbb光合氮素利用效率与其胸径具有较好的(R2=0.531)正向线性关系。【结论】1)楸树种内杂种(楸树×楸树)对本地环境(中原地区)具有更强的适应性,致使其生长势显著优于种间杂种(楸树×滇楸);2【Objective】 This study aims to clarify the differences in growth and photosynthetic capacity of intraspecific and interspecific hybrids of Catalpa,and to explore the potential relationship between growth and photosynthetic capacity which is regulated by nitrogen use and distribution in leaves,and to provide favorable basis for Catalpa cultivation and genetic improvement.【Method】 The experiment was designed with complete random block design,the height of 1-5 years old trees and DBH of 1-6 years old trees of the Catalpa bungei × C.bungei and C.bungei × C.fargesii f.duclouxii hybrids, and leaf nitrogen content,chlorophyll content,light response curve and CO2 response curve of the Catalpa hybrids in 6 years old were measured.The non-orthogonal hyperbolic model was used to fit the light response curve to calculate the gas exchange parameters,such as the apparent quantum yield (AQY) and the light compensation point (LCP).The FvCB biochemical model (The biochemical photosynthetic model proposed by Farquhar,von Caemmerer and Berry) was used to fit to the CO2 response curve,and the maximum carboxylation efficiency ( V c max ),maximum electron transfer rate ( J max ) and other photosynthetic biochemical parameters were estimated via the model.Nitrogen allocation ratio in photosynthetic system,include light-harvesting system,carboxylation system and bio-energy component,were calculated.【Result】 Analysis of variance showed that tree height and DBH of intraspecific hybrids ( C.bungei × C.bungei ) were significantly greater than interspecific hybrids ( C.bungei × C.fargesii f.duclouxii ) afteR2 years.There was no significant difference between the two hybrids in the total amount of chlorophyll.But the content of chlorophyll b of interspecific hybrids was significantly higher (15.08%) than intraspecific hybrids.On the other hand,the chlorophyll a/b and carotenoid/chlorophyll a+b of intraspecific hybrids was significantly higher than interspecific hybrids.The photosynthetic parameters showed that the intraspecifi

关 键 词：楸树 滇楸 杂种 氮素分配 光合作用 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]