硬质膜层开裂致韧性基体损伤研究进展  

Research Progress on Film Induced Cracking of Ductile Substrates

作　　者：郭涛[1,2] 庞晓露 乔利杰[1,3] GUO Tao;PANG Xiaolu;QIAO Lijie(Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Material Genetic Engineering,University ofScience and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Corrosion and Protection Center,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学北京材料基因工程高精尖创新中心,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京科技大学腐蚀与防护中心,北京100083

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2019年第5期480-488,479,共10页Materials China

基　　金：北京市科技新星计划支持项目(Z171100001117075);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51771025,51431004)

摘　　要：一直以来,硬质膜层被广泛地应用于改善金属基体表面性能,保护其不受恶劣环境的影响,以达到延长其服役寿命的目的。但是,研究发现硬质膜层的开裂会导致韧性金属基体的开裂,这将严重威胁到金属承载结构件的安全。因而,有必要了解、认识其规律,并揭示损伤机制,为制定相应的解决方案提供依据。综述了膜致韧性基体开裂的来源、机理以及相应的可行解决措施。脆性膜层与韧性基体的短程交互作用以及脆性膜层的开裂所提供的快速运动的裂纹是导致韧性基体低应变下脆性开裂的关键原因。降低硬质膜层开裂的可能性或裂纹在膜层中的运动速度以及减少膜与基体之间的不匹配,有助于减缓膜致韧性基体开裂这一现象的发生。Brittle films(or coatings)are used to protect ductile metal substrates from damage induced by the harsh environments,thus increasing their service life.However,the fracture of brittle films can cause the cracking of ductile metal substrates,which will seriously threaten the safety of metal bearing structures.Thus,it is necessary to understand the nature of this phenomenon and build the related countermeasures.In this review,we will introduce the origin,mechanism and related countermeasures of this phenomenon“film induced cracking of substrates”.The combination of short range coating-substrate interaction and fracture of coating inhibit the local plastic deformation of ductile substrate near interface,causing their cleavage cracking.Lowering the mismatch between film and substrate,the fracture probability and the crack velocity in films contribute to preventing the occurrence of this phenomenon.

关 键 词：硬质膜层 韧性基体 膜致开裂 脆断 

分 类 号：TB383.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]