一般人口资料类属性思维的准确性  

The Accuracy of Demographic Stereotypes

作　　者：李 肖恩 南森 赵星(译)[2,3] 赵永萍(校译) 黎岳庭(校译) Lee Jussim;Sean T. Stevens;Nathan Honeycutt;ZHAO Xing;ZHAO Yong-ping;LEE Yueh-ting

机构地区：[1]罗格斯大学 [2]北京师范大学图书馆 [3]美国加州州立大学富勒顿分校 [4]西南大学心理学部 [5]美国南伊利诺大学心理学系

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期5-18,191,共15页Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：研究表明,有关种族、性别、年龄的类属性思维具有一定或较高的准确性。学界近年关于"内隐偏见"的研究表明,内隐的类属性思维也主要反映社会客观现实而非偏见。个人感知的实验证明,人们会依据最有效的信息(通常是个体信息)来评判他人。尽管如此,凭借类属性思维往往会增加而不是降低人们判断的准确性。以往研究主要讨论类属性思维中的错误信息源,这似乎偏离了问题的核心。Evidence is reviewed showing that race, gender, and age stereotypes tend to be moderately to highly accurate. Recent work on "implicit bias" also shows that implicit stereotypes primarily reflect social realities rather than prejudices. Evidence on person perception is also reviewed showing that people tend to rely on the most diagnostic information when judging others and, in general, that means relying on individuating information. Nonetheless, relying on a stereotype has generally been found to increase rather than reduce the accuracy of person perception. Because prior theory and research has focused primarily on sources of inaccuracy in stereotypes, it seems to have largely missed the mark.

关 键 词：类属性思维 准确性 整体类属性思维 个人感知 一般人口资料 

分 类 号：C912.6[经济管理]