赤红壤条件下宿根甘蔗根际可培养细菌的多样性研究  

Diversity of Culturable Rhizosphere Bacteria of Ratoon Sugarcane Grown in Latosolic Red Soil Condition

作　　者：农泽梅 史国英[2] 曾泉[2] 叶雪莲 秦华东[1] 胡春锦[2] NONG Ze-mei;SHI Guo-ying;ZENG Quan;YE Xue-lian;QIN Hua-dong;HU Chun-jin(College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi Nanning 530005, China;Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Nanning 530007, China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005 [2]广西农业科学院微生物研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2019年第5期1079-1086,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31101122,31660025);广西自然科学基金项目(2016GXNSFBA380009;2018GXNSFAA 281069);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(2015YT76;2017JM37)

摘　　要：【目的】探究赤红壤条件下宿根甘蔗根际细菌的多样性,为进一步研究甘蔗根际生态过程的调控提供参考。【方法】利用纯培养法和基于16SrDNA序列的系统发育分析对赤红壤中连续留宿根2年的10个甘蔗品种根际可培养细菌进行研究,以数学生态学方法分析根际细菌的多样性。【结果】从10个不同品种宿根蔗上共获得167株根际细菌;16SrDNA序列分析结果显示这些根际细菌主要包含厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)4大类群的31个菌属,其中芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)是最主要的优势菌属,占42.51%,其它优势菌属还有金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium sp.)(10.18%)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter sp.)(5.39%)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)(4.79%)等。群落生态学分析显示品种间的根际细菌多样性有一定差异,群落丰富度指数为1.80~3.67,Shannon多样性指数为1.17~2.32,其中甘蔗品种B8和GT43根际细菌群落的丰富度指数和多样性指数均相比较高,具有维持宿根甘蔗根际土壤微生物群落结构稳定性的相对优势。【结论】赤红壤宿根甘蔗根际可培养细菌具有丰富的多样性,其主要种群中包含许多具有潜在应用价值的微生物菌种资源;不同品种宿根甘蔗根际细菌的多样性存在显著差异。【Objective】The present paper aimed to obtain the information of the diversity of culturable rhizosphere bacteria of ratoon sugarcane grown in latosolic red soil, and provide theoretical guidance for the regulation of ecological processes in the sugarcane rhizosphere.【Method】The strains were isolated from rhizosphere soil samples collected from 10 different varieties of ratoon sugarcane stay for 2 consecutive years by using the diluting plate counting method and the 16S rDNA sequence of the isolates, and the biodiversity were analyzed by using the mathematical ecology method.【Result】We obtained 167 rhizosphere bacteria strains with different morphological character of colonies from 10 different rationing sugarcane cultivars. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the rhizosphere bacteria belonged to four phyla: firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, respectively, including 31 genus. The most dominant rhizosphere bacteria were the genera Bacillus , which was 42.51 % of all the strains, and other dominant genus include Chryseobacterium sp.(about 10.18 %), Enterobacter sp.(5.39 %) and Pseudomonas sp.(4.79 %), respectively. The mathematical ecology analyses showed that the community richness index of rhizosphere bacteria among different sugarcane cultivars were between 1.8034-3.6719, while the Shannon-Wiener index was between 1.1730-2.3161. The community richness index and Shannon-Wiener index of cultivars B8 and GT43 were much higher than that of other 8 different varieties of ratoon sugarcane, which was beneficial to maintain the stability of microbial community in the rhizosphere soil of sugarcane.【Conclusion】The result showed that the cultivable rhizosphere bacteria of ratooning sugarcane grown in latosolic red soil was abundant, and there were significant differences among varieties.

关 键 词：赤红壤 宿根甘蔗 根际细菌 多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]