铜-铝异种金属钎焊材料的研究现状  

Research status of brazing and soldering materials for Cu-Al dissimilar metals

作　　者：董博文 董显 鲍丽 张雷 龙伟民 Dong Bowen;Dong Xian;Bao Li;Zhang Lei;Long Weimin(Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co. , Ltd. , State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

机构地区：[1]郑州机械研究所有限公司新型钎焊材料与技术国家重点实验室

出　　处：《焊接》2019年第5期7-12,I0017,共7页Welding & Joining

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(战略性国际科技创新合作重点专项2016YFE0201300)

摘　　要：从钎剂和钎料两方面对国内外有关铜-铝异种接头钎焊材料的研究成果进行了综述,重点介绍了铜-铝异种接头钎焊连接过程中无腐蚀性钎剂和钎料成分对钎焊接头结合机理、界面反应、金属间化合物的微观结构及生长规律等的影响。然而,铜-铝异种接头钎焊材料的应用过程中仍存在以下问题:无腐蚀性钎剂熔化温度和价格均较高,适用范围较窄;铝硅系钎料熔化温度较高,铝合金容易过烧熔蚀;钎料洁净度低,钎缝处容易出现氧化夹杂,影响钎焊接头的力学性能。The research results of brazing and soldering materials for Cu-Al dissimilar joints are summarized from two aspects of fluxes and filler metals at home and abroad. The mechanism of non-corrosive fluxes and filler metals on joint bonding,interface reaction,microstructure and growth law of intermetallic compound in brazing process of Cu-Al dissimilar joints are emphatically introduced. Nevertheless,there are some problems as follows in the application of brazing and soldering materials for Cu-Al dissimilar joints. The melting temperature and price of noncorrosive are both high and its scope of application is narrow. The melting temperature of Al-Si brazing filler metals is high and it makes aluminum alloys easy to corrode. The low cleanliness of brazing and soldering filler metals makes seam easy to appear oxidation inclusions,which affects the mechanical properties of the joint.

关 键 词：无腐蚀性钎剂 复合钎料 铝硅钎料 锌铝钎料 锡锌钎料 

分 类 号：TG425[金属学及工艺—焊接]