聚丙烯腈基相变复合纤维的制备与探究  

Preparation and investigation of polyacrylonitrile-based phase change composite fiber

作　　者：甘紫雯 郭静 王迪 张芮 GAN Ziwen;GUO Jing;WANG Di;ZHANG Rui(School of Textile and Material Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,China)

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学纺织与材料工程学院

出　　处：《上海纺织科技》2019年第5期35-40,共6页Shanghai Textile Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51373027、51773024);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2015020221)

摘　　要：以3种不同分子量的相变大分子单体HMPEG2000、HMPEG4000以及HMPEG6000为原料,将其与聚丙烯腈进行共混并原位后交联,获得聚丙烯腈相变纤维。用流变仪、FTIR、DSC、SEM等研究了物料配比、大单体分子量、拉伸倍率以及凝固浴停留时间等对原液流变性、纤维结构、纤维热性能、力学性能以及表面形态的影响。结果表明:聚丙烯腈/HMPEG2000(4 000、6 000)纺丝液是典型的非牛顿流体;相较于温度,HMPEG的分子量对于纺丝液非牛顿指数的影响更为显著;大单体分子量对复合纤维相变焓值的影响呈现先增加后减小的趋势;3倍拉伸率对力学性能的提高最为显著;纤维表面形态则受到物料配比、大单体分子量、拉伸倍率以及停留时间的综合影响,主要影响因素是停留时间和拉伸倍率。Three kinds of molecular weight phase change macromonomers HMPEG2000, HMPEG4000 and HMPEG6000 are used as raw materials which are blended with polyacrylonitrile and crosslinked in situ to obtain polyacrylonitrile phase change fibers. The effects of material ratio, macromolecular weight, draw ratio and residence time of coagulation bath on rheological properties, fiber structure, fiber thermal properties, mechanical properties and surface morphology of the fibers are investigated by rheometer, FTIR, DSC and SEM. The results show that the polyacrylonitrile/HMPEG2000(4 000, 6 000) spinning solution is a typical non-Newtonian fluid. Compared with the temperature, the molecular weight of HMPEG has a more significant effect on the non-Newtonian index of the spinning solution. The effect of the phase change enthalpy of the macromonomer molecular weight versus the composite fiber shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The 3 times stretching ratio has the most significant improvement on the mechanical properties while the surface morphology of the fiber is subject to the combined effects of material ratio, the macromonomer molecular weight, the stretching ratio, and the residence time.The main influencing factors are residence time and draw ratio.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈 复合纤维 相变大单体 在线交联 湿法纺丝 

分 类 号：TS101.921[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]