柳杉花粉母细胞减数分裂进程及异常行为  

Meiosis process and abnormal behavior of pollen mother cells in Cryptomeria fortunei

作　　者：赵慧 莫家兴 华慧 郭臻昊 徐进 ZHAO Hui;MO Jiaxing;HUA Hui;GUO Zhenhao;XU Jin(Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第3期45-50,共6页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201304104);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：【目的】观察柳杉花粉母细胞减数分裂进程及染色体的变化和异常行为,为进一步开展柳杉的生殖生物学与分子细胞遗传学研究提供参考。【方法】以柳杉的雄球花(小孢子叶球)为材料,采用压片法研究柳杉花粉母细胞减数分裂的变化规律。【结果】柳杉花粉母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂类型为同时型,其进程一般开始于10月中下旬并持续到11月上旬。观察发现柳杉雄球花外观颜色的变化与减数分裂进程有关,同一侧枝上柳杉雄球花的发育不一致,同一花序中的不同小孢子叶球的花粉母细胞减数分裂进程也不同步。通过观察柳杉的花粉母细胞减数分裂过程,发现存在单价染色体、不等价二价体、滞后染色体、分裂不同步、不均等分裂、异常四分体等异常现象。【结论】柳杉雄球花外观颜色的变化与减数分裂进程密切相关,其减数分裂过程中染色体存在异常现象。【Objective】To provide a reference for the reproduction biology and molecular cytogenetics research of Cryptomeria fortunei, we studied the meiosis process of the pollen mother cells, including the transformation and abnormal behavior of the chromosomes.【Method】Taking the male strobilus of C. fortunei as experimental material, the variation in the meiosis of the pollen mother cells of C. fortunei was studied using carbol fuchsin staining.【Result】The cytokinesis of the pollen mother cells of C. fortunei was the simultaneous type, with the process generally starting in mid-late October and lasting until early November. The change in the color of the male strobilus was related to the process of meiosis. Additionally, the development of different staminate male strobilus on the same lateral branch was inconsistent and the meiosis of different staminate strobilus on the same inflorescence was not synchronous. Abnormal phenomena were observed, such as monochromatic chromosomes, unequal bivalents, lagging chromosomes, unsynchronized division, inhomogeneous division, abnormal tetrads, and so on.【Conclusion】The change in the color of the male strobilus of C. fortunei was closely related to the meiosis process. Additionally, abnormal phenomena of the chromosomes exist during meiosis. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the cytological study of staminate strobilus.

关 键 词：柳杉 雄球花 花粉母细胞 减数分裂 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种] Q23[农业科学—林学]