辽东山溪河岸林群落特征对降雨再分配及其养分特征的影响  

Influence of Community Characteristics on Redistribution of Rainfall and Nutrients in the Mountain Regions of Eastern Liaoning Province

作　　者：王琼 王善祥 范志平 李法云 涂志华 王珺 WANG Qiong;WANG Shanxiang;FAN Zhiping;LI Fayun;TU Zhihua;WANG Jun(Institute of Eco-enviromnental Sciences , Liaoning Shihua University ,Fushun,Liaoning 113001)

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学生态环境研究院

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2019年第3期129-137,共9页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD07B030102);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(201602473);辽宁省教育厅重点项目(L2017LZD005)

摘　　要：为明确不同物种组成和群落结构的河岸林对降雨再分配及其养分特征的影响,于2014年5-10月对辽东山地典型河岸林群落(落叶松林、蒙古栎林和槭树林)大气降雨、穿透雨和树干茎流过程及其水质特征进行研究。结果表明:落叶松林、蒙古栎林和槭树林穿透雨量分别占大气降雨量的81.9%,77.9%,73.1%,树干茎流量分别占大气降雨量的1.2%,4.4%,4.3%。与大气降雨相比,穿透雨和树干茎流中铵态氮、氯离子、硝态氮和总磷的浓度较高,不同林型铵态氮、氯离子、硝态氮和总磷的浓度和输入量差异显著。不同物种组成和群落结构的河岸林通过树木的形态特征及群落的结构特征对降雨进行再分配,通过林冠表层的物理特征、化学特征和生理特性等改变降雨理化性质,加之雨量、雨强的影响共同作用使铵态氮、氯离子、硝态氮和总磷的浓度和输入量发生改变。To make clear the influence of species composition and community structure on redistribution of rainfall and nutrient, three typical riparian forest, Larix kaempferi forest, Quercus mongolica forest, Acer ukurunduense forest were selected as objects of study in the mountain regions of eastern Liaoning Province from May to October 2014. The rainfall process and nutrients characteristics in atmospheric rainfall, throughfall and stemflow were analyzed. The results showed that during the research period, the total precipitation was 278.6 mm, and the throughfalls of Larix kaempferi forest, Quercus mongolica forest, Acer ukurunduense forest were 81.9%, 77.9% and 73.1% of total rainfall, respectively, and stemflow were 1.2%, 4.4% and 4.3%, respectively. The concentrations of NH4+-N, Cl-, NO3--N and total phosphorus(TP) in throughfall and stemflow were higher than those of atmospheric rainfall, and the concentrations and inputs of NH4+-N, Cl-, NO3--N and TP in different forest types were different significantly. The riparian forest with different species composition and community structure influenced rainfall distribution through the morphological and structure characteristics of community, and changed water physical and chemical properties through the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of forest canopy gaps, resulting in the changes of the concentrations and inputs of NH4+-N, Cl-, NO3--N and TP variously combined with rainfall amount and intensity.

关 键 词：穿透雨 树干茎流 群落特征 物种组成 水化学特征 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]