温度、渗透度和pH对反刍动物饲料总可溶氮组成及含量的影响  

Effects of temperature,osmolality and pH value on the constitute and contents of soluble nitrogen in feed ingredients for ruminants

作　　者：赵爱民 刘万成 张义元 李路胜[3] ZHAO Aimin;LIU Wancheng;ZHANG Yiyuan;LI Lusheng(Liaocheng Animal Husbandry Station,Liaocheng,Shandong Province 252000,China;Shandong Liaocheng Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau,Liaocheng,Shandong Province 252000,China;Agricultural College of Liaocheng University,Liaocheng,Shandong Province 252059,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省聊城市畜牧站,山东聊城252000 [2]山东省聊城市畜牧兽医局,山东聊城252000 [3]聊城大学农学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《中国饲料》2019年第10期30-34,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：本研究通过两个试验来评估不同饲料原料氮溶解度。试验1评估了豆科植物、油类植物、谷物、黑麦草和青贮类等14个原料。溶解温度为18和38℃,缓冲液pH为6.8和5.0。试验2在38℃添加下采用4个pH(5.0、5.6、6.2和6.8)以及2个渗透度(300和400 mol/L)评估豆饼、豆粕、豌豆、蚕豆和羽扇豆氮溶解度。结果显示:水溶温度由18℃升高至38℃显著提高了大多数原料氮溶解度(P<0.05),显著影响羽扇豆氮溶解度,使可溶性氮占总氮比例由0.53降低至0.17(P<0.05)。pH由6.8降低至5.0,青贮黑麦草和青贮玉米氮溶解度显著升高(P<0.05)。渗透度由300升高至400 mol/L时,豆粕和豆饼氮溶解度显著升高(P<0.05),同时渗透度和pH对其他原料氮溶解度的影响具有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。溶解pH对豆饼、豌豆、蚕豆和羽扇豆蛋白结构具有显著影响(P<0.05),其中pH=6.2~6.8时,7S和11S蛋白比例最高,而11S可溶氮含量降低。结论:溶解pH由6.8将至5.0时降低了大多数饲料原料氮溶解度。这个pH范围显著提高了羽扇豆、蚕豆、豌豆和豆饼非蛋白氮比例,降低了11S蛋白的比例。In this study,two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nitrogen solubility of different feed ingredients.In the first trial,14 feed ingredients including legumes,oilseeds,grains,ryegrass and silages.Solvents were water at 18 and 38℃,pH values were 6.8 and 5.0.In the second trial,N solubility of soybeans,soybean meal,peas,broad bean and lupins was evaluated in buffers at 4 pH values(5.0,5.6,6.2 and 6.8)and two osmolality values(300 and 400 mol/L)at 38℃.Results showed that effects for the other feeds can be separated into an effect of water temperature from 18 to 38℃.The average solubility as a fraction of total N decreased from 0.53 at pH 6.8 to 0.17 at pH 5.0.In silages the pH decreases from 6.8 to 5.0 increased N solubility.For soybeans and soybean meal,increasing the osmolality from 300 to 400 mol/L increased the N solubility,while for the other feeds there was an interaction between osmolality and pH.At pH 6.2 and 6.8,the storage globulins(7S and 11S)were the most abundant soluble proteins in these four feedstuffs.In conclusion,this study showed that decreasing the pH of the solvent,from 6.8 to 5.0,reduced N solubility of most feedstuffs.This pH shift also affected the composition of the N soluble fraction by increasing the relative amount of non-protein nitrogen and albumins and decreasing the relative amount of globulins,especially the protein of 11S.

关 键 词：温度 渗透度 PH值 反刍动物 可溶氮 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]