1919年《晨报》关于“的”字分合问题的论争  

The 1919 Morning Post Debate on the Division of ″DE″(的) Character

作　　者：黄悦[1] HUANG Yue

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学汉语学院

出　　处：《广州大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期113-128,共16页Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：1919年,以《晨报》为中心发起的关于“的”字分合问题的论争,是现在“的”字三分为“的”“地”“得”的源起,但是此次论争的首要目的却是要将“的”分为“的”“底”,以解决因表领属关系的名词与表修饰关系的形容词同形而易造成的歧义问题,这一问题随着1950年代末“底”字的弃用而被遗忘。文章从参与论争的文本出发,沿着论争的时间脉络对这一历史现象进行探索和梳理,对以往在这个问题上的一些误解做出订正,并对历史文本中的一些难点进行解读。既是对一段语言史的钩沉,也从一个侧面具体反映五四时期的思想状况。The 1919 debate over ″DE″ character′s proper division, centered around the Morning Post , resulted in ″DE″ character′s current three-way DE-DE-DE division (″的″″地″″得″, hereinafter respectively referred to as DE 1, DE 2 and DE 3). However, the primary purpose of the debate was to divide ″DE″ character into DE 1 and DE^*(″底″) to solve the problem of ambiguity between the marker of possessive relationship for nouns and that of relationship-modifying adjectives due to their shared form. This issue was forgotten because of the disuse of DE^* at the end of the 1950s. This paper starts from the original texts participating in the debate, and traces the timeline of the controversy so as to better explore and analyze this historical phenomenon, to correct some previous misunderstandings of this issue, and to interpret some difficult points of the historical texts. It is both a retrospection of this period of linguistic history and a reflection of the ideological situation during the May Fourth Movement from a specific aspect.

关 键 词：《晨报》“的”“底” 领属关系 修饰关系 介词 形容词语尾 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]