不同品种灵芝多指标的质量评价研究  

Study on Quality Assessment of Ganoderma among Different Varieties by Multiple Index

作　　者：姜涛 施枝江 姚艺新 罗安 黄发军 JIANG Tao;SHI Zhi-jiang;YAO Yi-xin;LUO An;HUANG Fa-jun(Kangmei Pliannciceutical Co. Ltd.,Puning 515300,China)

机构地区：[1]康美药业股份有限公司,广东普宁515300

出　　处：《中药材》2018年第12期2847-2855,共9页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

摘　　要：目的:以浸出物、灵芝多糖、三萜及甾醇和铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、铜(Cu)、砷(As)为指标综合评价紫芝、赤芝、薄树芝的质量。方法:分别从贵州、安徽、海南收集18批紫芝、35批赤芝、14批薄树芝样品,建立测定灵芝多糖、三萜及甾醇的紫外分光光度法和测定5种重金属元素含量的ICP-MS法,测定其中的含量,运用ANVON单因素方差分析法、主成分分析法、曲线估计法综合比较这3种灵芝的差异,并研究其相关性。结果:浸出物的含量大小顺序为薄树芝>赤芝>紫芝,灵芝多糖含量大小顺序为赤芝>薄树芝>紫芝,三萜及甾醇含量大小为赤芝=薄树芝>紫芝。浸出物、灵芝多糖、三萜及甾醇的主成分分析综合得分为薄树芝>赤芝>紫芝。灵芝中5种重金属元素的含量大多数符合相关规定。结论:从化学成分的角度来看,紫芝的质量最差,而赤芝和薄树芝的质量较好,且二者之间的差异不明显;浸出物与综合指标的一致性较好。从安全性的角度考虑,赤芝的安全性最高,其次是薄树芝,最后是紫芝,其中Cd对重金属安全性方面的影响最大。Objective:To comprehensively assess the qualities of Ganoderma sinense,Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma capense with the contents of extract,Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide,triterpene and sterol and Pb,Cd,Hg,Cu and As as indicators.Methods:Eighteen batches of Ganoderma sinense,thirty-five batches of Ganoderma lucidum and fourteen batches of Ganoderma capense were collected from Guizhou,Anhui and Hainan province,respectively,and UV determination spectrophotometry was used to determine the contents of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide,triterpene and sterol,ICP-MS method was used to determin the contents of five heavy metals.The datum were comprehensively compared and analyzed by single factor variance analysis(ANVON),principal component analysis method(PCA)and curve estimation method.Results:The contents of extract were as follows,Ganoderma capense>Ganoderma lucidum>Ganoderma sinense,The contents of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides were as follows,Ganoderma lucidum>Ganoderma capense>Ganoderma sinense,the contents of triterpene and sterol were as follows,Ganoderma lucidum=Ganoderma capense>Ganoderma sinense.The PCA comprehensive score of extract,Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide,triterpene and sterol was as follows,Ganoderma capense>Ganoderma lucidum>Ganoderma sinense.which five heavy metals contents were mostly in accordance with relevant ragulations.Conclusion:From the point of compounds,the quality of Ganoderma sinense is the worst,and the quality of Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma capense were better,and they have no obvious difference;the consistency of extract and comprehensive index is good.From the point of security,the safety of Ganoderma lucidum is the highest,followed by Ganoderma capense,the last is Ganoderma sinense.Cd has the greatest impact on the safety of heavy metals.

关 键 词：灵芝 不同品种 灵芝多糖 三萜及甾醇 重金属元素 质量评价 

分 类 号：R284.3[医药卫生—中药学]