生猪养殖产业集聚对环境效率影响的研究  

The influence of hog industry agglomeration on environmental efficiency

作　　者：王善高[1] 田旭[1] 张晓恒 WANG Shan-gao;TIAN Xu;ZHANG Xiao-heng(College of Economics and Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China;College of Economics and Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210095 [2]华中农业大学经济管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2019年第3期459-469,共11页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71333008);国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDA037)~~

摘　　要：为探究畜禽养殖污染治理的新路径,基于2004-2016年生猪养殖的省级宏观数据,通过计量实证方法,测算了我国生猪养殖的产业集聚度和环境效率,然后系统考察了生猪养殖产业集聚对环境效率的影响。结果显示:1)小规模、中规模、大规模生猪养殖的环境效率均值依次为0.911、0.951、0.900。小规模、大规模生猪养殖环境效率呈现出明显的上升趋势,而中规模生猪养殖环境效率相对稳定。2)2004-2016年我国生猪养殖产业集聚度由0.93增长为0.96,呈现出略微上升趋势。中南、华东、西南等生猪主产区的产业集聚度要明显高于东北、华北、西北等地区。3)生猪养殖产业集聚度和环境效率之间呈现“U型”关系,小规模、中规模、大规模生猪养殖产业集聚对环境效率改善作用的拐点分别在产业集聚度等于0.80、0.77、0.73处。4)产业集聚度、养殖技术水平、地区生产结构、耕地面积数量、政府环境治理支出等会显著影响生猪养殖环境效率。最后,基于研究结论,提出相关措施建议以减缓我国生猪养殖污染。In order to explore the new paths for pollution control in livestock and poultry industries, this paper measured the industry agglomeration and environmental efficiency of China’s hog industry based on provincial data from 2004 to 2016 and systematically examined the influences of hog industry agglomeration on environmental efficiency. Results show that: 1) the average environmental efficiency of small-scale, medium-scale, and large-scale hog farms are 0.911, 0.951 and 0.900, respectively and with increasing trends for small-scale and large-scale farms and relatively stable for medium-scale farms;2) the agglomeration degree of China’s hog industry increased from 0.93 to 0.96 from 2004 to 2016 with some regional difference: The industry agglomeration degrees in the Central South, East and Southwest China are significantly higher than those of Northeast, North and Northwest China;3) there is a "U-shaped"relationship between the industry agglomeration of hog industry and environmental efficiency and the inflection points of environmental efficiencies for small-scale, medium-scale, and large-scale farms are 0.80, 0.77 and 0.73, respectively;and 4) the environmental efficiency of hog industry is significantly influenced by the industry agglomeration, technical level, regional production structure, farmland area and government expenditure in environmental governance. Finally,the research also provides some suggestions to mitigate the pollution of hog industry.

关 键 词：生猪养殖 养殖规模 养殖污染 产业集聚 环境效率 

分 类 号：F323.1[经济管理—产业经济]