基于虚拟样机的前轮自激摆振仿真与悬架参数优化  

Simulation of Front-wheel Self-excited Shimmy and Optimization of Suspension Parameters based on a Virtual Prototype

作　　者：孙晴 谢小平[1] SUN Qing;XIE Xiaoping(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2019年第3期56-62,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

摘　　要：汽车系统参数匹配不合理会诱发自激摆振,对操纵稳定性有很大的危害。其为底盘系统一种非线性特征且对于相关参数非常敏感并难以再现。以某型乘用车为样车,建立精细虚拟样机模型再现其自激摆振现象。结合Hopf分岔理论进一步系统地分析了前麦弗逊式悬架下摆臂臂长及橡胶衬套6向刚度参数对样车自激摆振幅值和速度分岔特性的影响。依据多参数分析结果,选择影响程度较大的参数进行优化设计,使摆振幅值降低21.56%,同时减小摆振速度区间,为合理设计悬架参数,有效抑制自激摆振现象提供理论依据。Vehicle’s self-excited shimmy is usually induced by mismatch of system parameters,which has a great harm to vehicle control stability.It is a nonlinear characteristic of chassis system,very sensitive to the relevant parameters and hard to reproduce.In this paper,with a passenger car as a sample,a refined virtual prototype model is established to reproduce the phenomenon of self-excited shimmy.Based on the Hopf bifurcation theory,the influence of the lower arm length of the front Mcpherson suspension and the six-direction stiffness parameters of the rubber bushing on the shimmy amplitude and velocity bifurcation characteristics of the vehicle is analyzed.According to the results of multi-parameter analysis,the parameters with greater influence are chosen to optimize the design.Consequently,the amplitude of the shimmy is reduced by 21.56 %,and the shimmy speed interval is reduced.This study has provided a theoretical basis for reasonably selecting suspension parameters and effectively restraining the phenomenon of self-excited shimmy.

关 键 词：振动与波 自激摆振 虚拟样机 悬架参数 HOPF分岔 多参数优化 

分 类 号：U461.61[机械工程—车辆工程] U463.331[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]