铝铜异种材料搅拌摩擦焊接接头微观组织与性能  

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Joint of Aluminium Alloy and Pure Copper by Friction Stir Welding

作　　者：孟强[1,4,5] 车倩颖 王快社[2,3] 张坤 王文[2,3] 黄丽颖 彭湃[2,3] 乔柯[2,3] MENG Qiang;CHE Qianying;WANG Kuaishe;ZHANG Kun;WANG Wen;HUANG Liying;PENG Pai;QIAO Ke(Beijing FSW Technology Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 101107;School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials Processing,Xi’an 710055)

机构地区：[1]北京赛福斯特技术有限公司,北京101107 [2]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安710055 [3]功能材料加工国家地方联合工程研究中心,西安710055 [4]中国航空制造技术研究院 [5]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)

出　　处：《材料导报》2019年第12期2030-2034,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1760201;51574192)~~

摘　　要：采用搅拌摩擦焊接(Friction stir welding,FSW)对6061-T6铝合金和紫铜异种金属进行了连接。研究结果表明,将紫铜置于后退侧、搅拌针向铝合金侧偏置0.5mm时,可获得成型优良的接头。对接界面处,铝铜异种金属发生充分混合流动,在微区内形成了层片状交织结构。焊核区晶粒细化,接头内部形成了Al2Cu、AlCu和Al4Cu9金属间化合物,其形成机制为固态扩散。微观组织的均匀性和金属间化合物对样品显微硬度分布具有显著影响。铝合金侧的热影响区硬度值最低,呈现热软化效应。接头抗拉强度达到紫铜母材抗拉强度的75.5%,断裂位置位于铝侧热影响区,拉伸断口呈现韧脆混合断裂特征。The dissimilar joint of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and pure copper were successfully carried out by friction stir welding (FSW) in this work. The results showed that high-quality welded joint can be obtained when the pure copper was placed at the retreating side, and stir pin was placed 0.5 mm offset the aluminum alloy. The regional lamellar structure was formed in terms of intensive metal flow of aluminum alloy and pure copper at the joint interface. In addition, the grains were refined in the nugget zone. Several intermetallic compounds like Al 2Cu, AlCu and Al 4Cu 9 were generated in the joint, presenting a formation mechanism of solid-state diffusion. Additionally, the homogeneity of microstructure and intermetallic compounds exhibited a great impact on the distribution of microhardness. The lowest hardness was located at the heat affected zone of the aluminum alloy side, showing the effect of thermal softening. The ultimate tensile strength of the joint reached 75.5% of that of pure copper. The fracture position was located in the heat affected zone of aluminum alloy side, and the tensile fracture surface featured the mixed ductile-brittle fracture.

关 键 词：搅拌摩擦焊接 铝铜异种材料 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG456[金属学及工艺—焊接]