农户非农就业、耕地保护政策认知与亲环境农业技术选择——基于产粮大县1422份调研数据  

Farmers’ off-farm employment,cognition of farmland protection policy and selection of pro-environment agricultural technology——Based on 1422 survey data of major grain producing counties

作　　者：曹慧[1] 赵凯[1] CAO Hui;ZHAO Kai

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2019年第5期52-65,共14页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“不同类型关键生态技术评价”(编号:2016YFC0503703-03);国家社会科学基金西部项目“粮食主产区耕地保护经济补偿模式及运行机制研究”(编号:15XJY010)

摘　　要：农户选择亲环境农业技术是治理农业污染、改善耕地质量和提升农业可持续发展能力的重要环节。本文基于劳动节约型和劳动密集型亲环境农业技术视角,分析农户非农就业和耕地保护政策认知对不同类型亲环境农业技术选择的影响,同时甄别了对不同劳动力禀赋和不同收入农户影响的差异。研究表明,农户非农就业对劳动节约型亲环境农业技术的选择有正人口效应和负收入效应,其中,正人口效应主要体现在少劳动力组、高收入组和低收入组,负收入效应主要体现在多劳动力组和高收入组;而对劳动密集型亲环境农业技术的选择有负收入效应,主要体现在少劳动力组和高收入组。农户耕地保护政策认知对两类亲环境农业技术的选择均具有正向激励作用,在耕地保护政策认知的调节作用下,非农就业对劳动节约型亲环境农业技术选择的正人口效应逐渐减弱;负收入效应被显著抑制。而非农就业对劳动密集型亲环境农业技术选择的负人口效应得到一定抑制;负收入效应则没有发生显著变化。The selection of pro-environmental agricultural technologies by farmers is an important link to control agricultural pollution,improve the quality of cultivated land and enhance the capacity of agricultural sustainable development. This paper analyzes the effects of off-farm employment and cognition of farmland protection policy on the choice of labor-saving and laborintensive pro-environmental agricultural technologies and identifies the differences in the impact on farmers with different labor endowments and different income,with the Probit model and Logit model based on the survey data of 1422 households in major grain-producing counties in Henan,Ningxia and Shandong provinces. The research shows that farmers’ off-farm employment has positive population effects,which is mainly reflected in the less-labor group,high-income group and low-income group,and negative income effects,which is mainly reflected in the more-labor group and the high-income group,on the choice of labor-saving pro-environmental agricultural technology. While it has negative income effects,mainly reflected in the less-labor group and the high-income group,on the choice of labor-intensive pro-environmental agricultural technology.Farmers’ cognition of farmland protection policy has positive effects on the choice of pro-environmental agricultural technology,especially on the choice of labor-saving pro-environmental agricultural technology in more-labor group,high-income group and low-income group,and on the choice of labor-intensive pro-environmental agricultural technology in less-labor group and lowincome group. Under the adjustment of the cognition of farmland protection policy,the positive population effect of off-farm employment on labor-saving pro-environmental agricultural technology choice is gradually weakened,especially in the more-labor group,and the negative income effect is significantly suppressed,especially in the low-income group. While the negative population effect of off-farm employment on labor-intensive pro-environment

关 键 词：亲环境农业技术选择 农户非农就业 耕地保护认知 劳动节约型 劳动密集型 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] F323.211[经济管理—国民经济] F323.3