氮含量对无镍奥氏体不锈钢力学性能的影响  

Effect of nitrogen content on mechanical properties of nickel-free austenitic stainless steel

作　　者：宁小智[1] 邢长军[1] 雍歧龙[1] 翁建寅[1,2] NING Xiao-zhi;XING Chang-jun;YONG Qi-long;WENG Jian-yin(Institute of Structural Steels,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China;Technology Center,FIYTA (Group) Co., Ltd.,Shenzhen 518057,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]钢铁研究总院工程用钢研究所,北京100081 [2]飞亚达(集团)股份有限公司技术中心,广东深圳518057

出　　处：《中国冶金》2019年第5期53-57,共5页China Metallurgy

摘　　要：设计并冶炼了氮质量分数为0.02%～1.20%的无镍奥氏体不锈钢,通过力学性能测试和显微组织观察,研究了氮含量对强度、塑性、韧性的影响。结果表明,氮可显著提高屈服强度和抗拉强度。氮质量分数为0.02%～1.20%时,其与屈服强度和抗拉强度的关系基本为线性关系,并获得了其关系式。韧性对氮含量十分敏感,在氮质量分数为0.39%～0.78%时,冲击吸收功较高,均保持在380J;氮含量过高或过低时,韧性都会下降。氮含量对断面收缩率的影响较小,氮质量分数在0.78%以下时均超过了70%;而氮质量分数超过0.78%后,塑性则有所下降。当氮质量分数超过0.60%时,拉伸断口上韧窝尺寸随着氮含量的升高而逐渐减小;GN-12N钢断口上出现了大面积的无韧窝区。High-nitrogen nickel-free austenitic stainless steel with different nitrogen mass fraction ranging from 0.02% to 1.20% were designed and melted. The effect of N on the strength, ductility and toughness were investigated through mechanical properties test and microstructure examination. The results showed that N can significantly improve the yield and ultimate strength. The dependencies of them on the N mass fraction (0.02%-1.20%) were linear, and the corresponding equations were obtained. The toughness was very sensitive to the N content. When the mass fraction of N was in the range 0.39%-0.78%, the impact absorption energy was higher, which was maintained at 380 J. However, the toughness decreased if the N content was too high or too low. The influence of N content on ductility was weak. The reduction in area was more than 70% when the N mass fraction was less than 0.78%. The toughness decreased when N mass fraction was above 0.78%. When the N mass fraction exceeded 0.60%, the size of dimples on the tensile fracture surface decreased gradually with increasing the N content. Large areas without dimples were observed on the fracture surface of GN-12N specimen.

关 键 词：氮含量 高氮钢 强度 塑性 韧性 

分 类 号：TG142.71[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]