氯铝酸盐离子液体催化甲苯与氯代叔丁烷烷基化反应合成对叔丁基甲苯  

Synthesis of p-tert-butyltoluene from alkylation of toluene and tert-butyl chloride catalyzed by chloroaluminate ionic liquid

作　　者：李宁 罗国华[1,2] 胡晓非 张蓝溪 徐新 Li Ning;Luo Guohua;Hu Xiaofei;Zhang Lanxi;Xu Xin(College of Chemical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Fuels Cleaning and Advanced Catalytic Emission Reduction Technology,Beijing 102617,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院化学工程学院,北京102617 [2]燃料清洁化及高效催化减排技术北京市重点实验室,北京102617

出　　处：《工业催化》2019年第5期52-58,共7页Industrial Catalysis

摘　　要：合成[Me3NH]Cl-2.0AlCl3、[PyH]Cl-2.0AlCl3、[Bmim]Cl-2.0AlCl3以及[Et3NH]Cl-2.0AlCl3氯铝酸盐离子液体,对[Et3NH]Cl-2.0AlCl3和[PyH]Cl-2.0AlCl3两种离子液体进行系列改性,并考察氯铝酸盐离子液体催化甲苯与氯代叔丁烷的烷基化反应,反应合成对叔丁基甲苯的催化性能。结果表明,未经改性的氯铝酸离子液体催化烷基化反应,对位产物选择性均较低,经FeCl3、CuCl以及CH3NO2改性的[Et3NH]Cl-2.0AlCl3离子液体对叔丁基甲苯选择性显著提高,而[PyH]Cl-2.0AlCl3离子液体经CuCl改性后的对叔丁基甲苯选择性则提高到85%以上。采用乙腈、吡啶为探针的红外光谱对离子液体酸性表征的结果表明,改性后离子液体的L酸和B酸均有所降低,其中B酸是影响对叔丁基甲苯选择性的主要因素,并对离子液体酸性催化甲苯与氯代叔丁烷烷基化反应合成对叔丁基甲苯的作用机制进行分析。The chloroaluminate ionic liquids,including[Me3NH]Cl-2.0AlCl3,[PyH]Cl-2.0AlCl3,[Bmim]Cl-2.0AlCl3,[Et 3 NH]Cl-2.0AlCl3,were synthesized and characterized.The[Et 3 NH]Cl-2.0AlCl3 and[PyH]Cl-2.0AlCl3 ionic liquids were modified by FeCl3,CuCl,CH3NO2 and C2H5-S-C2H5.Alkylation of toluene with 2-chloro-2-methylpropane catalyzed by the prepared ionic liquids was investigated.The results showed that p-tert-butyltoluene selectivity over unmodified chloroaluminate ionic liquid was lower,and p-tert-butyltoluene selectivity over[Et3NH]Cl-2.0AlCl 3 ionic liquids modified by FeCl3,CuCl and CH3NO2 were improved significantly.Moreover,selectivity of p-tert-butyltoluene reached more than 85%over[PyH]Cl-2.0AlCl3 modified by CuCl.Acidity characterization using acetonitrile and pyridine as probe showed that Lewis acid and Br nsted acid of the ionic liquid were decreased after modification,and Br nsted acid was the main factor to selectivity of p-tert-butyl toluene.The synthesis mechanism of p-tert-butyltoluene by alkylation of toluene with chloro-isobutane catalyzed by ionic liquid was also discussed.

关 键 词：催化化学 甲苯 氯代叔丁烷 烷基化 离子液体 对叔丁基甲苯 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学] TQ241.1[理学—化学]