二维层状无机物/硼酸锌复合体系对聚苯乙烯泡沫阻燃性能的影响  

Effect of two-dimensional layered material/zinc borate compounds on flame retardancy of expandable polystyrene foams

作　　者：刘喜山 曹博 纪文斐 孙军 张胜 LIU Xi-shan;CAO Bo;JI Wen-fei;SUN Jun;ZHANG Sheng(Beijing Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials Testing and Evaluation,AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China;Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aeronautical Materials Testing and Evaluation of Aero Engine Corporation of China,AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发北京航空材料研究院航空材料检测与评价北京市重点实验室,北京100095 [2]中国航发北京航空材料研究院中国航空发动机集团材料检测与评价重点实验室,北京100095 [3]北京化工大学先进功能高分子复合材料北京市重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《材料工程》2019年第6期101-107,共7页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1100403)

摘　　要：通过三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂包覆的方法来制备阻燃聚苯乙烯泡沫(EPS),阻燃体系以聚磷酸铵为基础,并选用3种二维层状无机物和硼酸锌的复配体系作为协效剂,对比了不同阻燃体系对聚苯乙烯泡沫的阻燃、抑烟和热稳定性的影响。实验结果表明:当膨胀石墨与硼酸锌的添加量为2∶1(质量比),两者总添加量为24phr时,复合材料的极限氧指数可达32.6%,UL-94垂直燃烧测试达V-0等级,烟密度等级降低至27.31;较之添加纯膨胀石墨EPS样品,协效剂硼酸锌的引入,使样品残炭强度由14.3增加到86.1。热失重分析结果表明,协效剂的加入使得样品热稳定性和残炭率均有所上升。从残炭宏观形貌和扫描电镜结果可以看出,硼酸锌的存在,使样品燃烧后残炭更加完整、致密,裂痕与破损明显减少。Flame retardant expandable polystyrene foams were prepared by coating with melamine modified urea formaldehyde resin. The flame retardant system was based on ammonium polyphosphate, and the combination of three kinds of two-dimensional layered material and zinc borate was used as synergist. The influence of different flame retardants on fire resistance, smoke suppression and thermal stability was discussed. The experimental results show that the flame retardancy is significantly improved by the presence of expandable graphite and zinc borate with mass ratio of 2 ∶1 and total additive amount of 24 phr. The limiting oxygen index of EPS foams is increased to 32.6%, with V-0 rating in UL-94 vertical burning test. The smoke density grade is decreased to 27.31. Compared with the sample containing only expandable graphite, the introduction of zinc borate enhances the strength of residue char from 14.3 to 86.1. Thermal analysis suggests that the thermal stability and char formation are improved by the presence of synergist. The residual char observation reveals that zinc borate is beneficial to form complete and integrated char layers with less crack and breakage.

关 键 词：聚苯乙烯泡沫 包覆阻燃 可膨胀石墨 蒙脱土 硼酸锌 二硫化钼 

分 类 号：TQ328.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]