三维地震勘探在岩盐溶腔形态及其上覆地层完整性探测中的应用  

Application of 3D Seismic Exploration on the Detection of Shape of Salt Cavity and the Integrity of Overlying Strata

作　　者：熊强青 袁兴赋 顾汉明[2] 王宾[1] 谭静[1] 陈杰 郭南舟 李旭东 Xiong Qiangqing;Yuan Xingfu;Gu Hanming;Wang Bin;Tan Jing;Chen Jie;Guo Nanzhou;Li Xudong(Anhui Provincial Institute of Exploration Technology,Hefei Anhui 230031,China;Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan Hubei 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省勘查技术院,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国地质大学地球物理与空间信息学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2019年第3期266-272,共7页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(编号:2016ZX05053)

摘　　要：盐矿水溶开采过程中岩盐溶蚀以上溶及侧溶形成的溶腔空间逐渐增大,溶腔顶部岩盐厚度逐渐变薄,当顶板所受的上覆地层的承载力达到顶板岩石强度极限时,将导致溶腔顶板发生破坏,产生裂缝、冒落、垮陷,继而出现地面冒卤、沉降和塌陷。为此,将三维地震反射波勘探应用于某盐矿水溶开采溶腔空间形态以及溶腔顶板厚度及其上覆地层完整性探测,通过观测系统论证、野外激发参数试验以及三维地震采集获得高品质原始炮集记录,并经过地震资料精细处理和解释后,获得了准确的溶腔空间形态、溶腔顶板厚度,并能较好地判断其上覆地层的完整性。The space of the salt cavity formed by the upward and side dissolved salt rock is gradually increased in the process of water-soluble mining in salt mines. The thickness of the salt rock at the top of the cavity is gradually thinning. When the bearing capacity of the overlying strata reaches the strength limit of rock layer above the cavity, the rock layer above the cavity will be damaged, which will cause cracks, caving zone, and collapse, followed by brine seepage, settling and collapse from earth surface. 3D seismic exploration is applied on the detection of shape of salt cavity, the thickness of the salt rock at the top of the cavity, and the integrity of overlying strata in this paper. High quality original seismic CSP data are obtained by geometry demonstration, field excitation parameter test and 3D seismic acquisition. The accurate cavity shape and the thickness of the salt rock at the top of the cavity are obtained, and the integrity of the overlying strata is well judged by careful seismic processing and interpretation.

关 键 词：三维地震勘探 盐溶腔空间形态 溶腔顶板厚度 上覆地层完整性 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]