EMS诱变技术及其在小麦研究中的应用进展  

Research Advances in EMS Mutagenesis Technology and Its Application in Wheat

作　　者：李雪[1,2] 裴自友 温辉芹[1,2] 程天灵 张立生[1,2] 朱玫 王宏兵[1,2] LI Xue;PEI Ziyou;WEN Huiqin;CHENG Tianling;ZHANG Lisheng;ZHU Mei;WANG Hongbing(Institute of Crop Sciences,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;Key Laboratory of CropGene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所,山西太原030031 [2]农业部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2019年第6期1103-1106,共4页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所青年基金项目(ZQ1702);山西省农业科学院有机旱作农业研发专项(YCX2018405);山西省农业科学院育种工程项目(17yzgc081);山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221018-2,201703D221002-1);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0101002)

摘　　要：甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)是一种常用的化学诱变剂,能诱发产生高频率的基因和染色体突变。近年来,依托突变体的创建为基础的基因定位、克隆和功能基因研究得以迅速拓展。从小麦EMS诱变、最佳处理剂量与表型、生理生化、分子标记鉴定,产量、品质、抗逆、抗感病等关键性状突变体筛选以及小麦异源易位系创制与诱导小麦条锈菌毒性突变、突变库的利用等多方面对我国在EMS诱变及其在小麦研究中的应用进展进行了综述,并对EMS技术的发展前景及趋势进行了展望,以期为今后的诱变育种提供研究参考。Ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS) is a common chemical mutagen,which can induce high frequency gene and chromosome mutations.In recent years,gene mapping,cloning and functional gene research based on mutant creation have been rapidly expanded.The progress of EMS mutagenesis and its application in wheat research in China was reviewed from the aspects of EMS mutagenesis,optimal treatment dose and phenotype,physiological and biochemical,molecular marker identification,screening of mutants of key traits such as yield,quality,stress resistance and susceptibility,as well as the creation and induction of wheat heterologous translocation lines,the utilization of toxicity mutation and mutation bank of stripe rust,and so on.The development prospects and trends were forecasted to provide research references for mutation breeding in the future.

关 键 词：小麦 甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS) 诱变 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]