非开挖工程磁靶定位系统  

Non-excavation Magnetic Target Positioning System

作　　者：乔磊 高德利[1] 刘艳辉[3] 付盼 杜卫强 董胜祥 Qiao Lei;Gao Deli;Liu Yanhui;Fu Pan;Du Weiqiang;Dong Shengxiang(College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing;CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited;The Fourth Drilling Company of China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院 [2]中国石油集团工程技术研究院 [3]中国石油管道局第四钻井公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2019年第6期12-16,共5页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“煤层气提效增产水平井钻完井关键技术与工具研究”(2016ZX05022004)

摘　　要：为了解决非开挖工程钻井轨迹的高精度测量与控制难题,设计了一种磁靶定位系统。该定位系统的十字交叉磁靶通2 Hz交流电后,会在磁靶周围空间形成特定规律的旋转磁场分布。通过钻头位置的微弱动态磁场检测系统可测量该旋转磁场在3个正交方向磁场的分布,利用旋转磁场的轴对称特性,将近钻头三维旋转磁场转化为二维场,根据测量到的磁场矢量与场源空间位置的关系,实现钻头与微弱动态磁场采集系统之间的精确定位。地面测试结果表明:当电流为5 A时,空间场点与螺线管距离100 m处的磁场幅值可达1.53 nT,距离10~110 m范围测量误差均小于2%;在横向距离±30 m范围内相对方位测量误差小于2%;当相对方位夹角达到29.74°后,方位测量将失真,不能用于现场施工作业。研究结果对于油气管道穿越非开挖工程出土点的精确设计具有指导意义。To address the high-precision measurement and control problems with the drilling trajectory in the non-excavation engineering, a magnetic target positioning system is designed.When the cross magnetic target is powered by 2 Hz alternating current, a specific rotating magnetic field is formed in the space around the magnetic target.The weak magnetic field detection system near the drill bit can measure the distribution of the rotating magnetic field in three orthogonal magnetic fields.The axisymmetric property of the rotating magnetic field is then used to convert the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field into a two-dimensional field.According to the relationship between the measured magnetic field vector and the position of the source, the precise distance and orientation between the drill bit and the weak dynamic magnetic field acquisition system are attained.The ground test results show that when the current is 5 A, the magnetic field amplitude at the point 100 m from the solenoid can reach 1.53 nT.The measurement error is less than 2% in the distance range of 10 to 110 m.The relative azimuth measurement error is less than 2% in the lateral distance range of ±30 m.When the relative azimuth angle reaches 29.74°, the azimuth measurement will be distorted and cannot be used for on-site operation.The study could provide guidance for the precise design of the unearthing position of non-excavation engineering like oil and gas pipeline crossing.

关 键 词：非开挖工程 磁靶定位 十字交叉磁靶 旋转磁场 

分 类 号：TE973[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]