肠道微生物和肠—脑轴在肥胖发展中的作用  

The Role of Gut Microbiota and Gut-brain Axis in The Development of Obesity

作　　者：杨帆[1] 张伦 朱佳妮 张振宇[1] 顾然[1] 刘吉[1] 洪晶安[1] YANG Fan;ZHANG Lun;ZHU Jia-ni;ZHANG Zhen-yu;GU Ran;LIU Ji;HONG Jing-an(The First People's Hospital of YunnanProvince/Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省第一人民医院临床营养科/昆明理工大学附属医院

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2019年第5期57-61,共5页Food and Nutrition in China

摘　　要：肥胖和相关代谢综合征已成为全球最突出的健康问题之一,肠道微生物已被证明参与肥胖的发展,并可能对肥胖的发展和其干预治疗等提供重要的见解。最近的研究表明,肠道微生物和大脑的相互作用可能是肥胖的后果或解释因素,肠-脑轴是它们相互作用的联络枢纽。此外,肠道微生物可以通过肠道激素(包括ghrelin)以及迷走神经连接(影响能量消耗和CNS中与饮食行为相关的区域)来影响肠-脑轴,从而改变宿主行为。同时,肠道微生物代谢物和其产物还可以充当信号分子并调节肠内分泌细胞的激素分泌,如GLP1和PYY,从而调节食欲、肠道运动、能量吸收和储存以及能量消耗等摄食相关行为,进而影响肥胖的发展。所以,理解这些信号和激素作用并从药理学方法增强它们,可能为治疗肥胖提供一种重要的途径。Obesity and related metabolic syndrome have become one of the most prominent health concerns in developed countries worldwide.Gut microbiota have been shown to be involved in the development of obesity and may provide important insights into the development of obesity and its intervention and treatment.Recent studies have shown that the interaction between intestinal microbes and the brain may be the consequence or explanation of obesity,and that the gut-brain axis is the focal point for their interaction.In addition,intestinal microorganisms can influence the gut-brain axis through gut hormones(including ghrelin)and vagal nerve connections(which affect energy consumption and dietary behavior-related areas of CNS),thereby changing host behavior.At the same time,microbial products and microbially produced metabolites can act as signaling molecules and regulate the secretion of hormones from intestinal enteroendocrine cells,such as GLP1 and PYY,which regulate appetite,intestinal motility,energy absorption and storage,and energy consumption,and other feeding-related behaviors,and thereby influencing the development of obesity.Therefore,it is possible to provide an important route for the treatment of obesity by understanding the effects of these signals and hormonal and enhancing them from pharmacological methods.

关 键 词：肠道微生物 肠-脑轴 肥胖 肠道激素 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]