河北核桃溃疡病病原及生物学特性研究  

Study on pathogen and biological characteristics of walnut canker in Hebei province

作　　者：庞久帅 王雪菲 田菲菲[3] 胡振亮 陈孟 李会平[1,4] PANG Jiushuai;WANG Xuefei;TIAN Feifei;HU Zhenliang;CHEN Meng;LI Huiping(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Landscaping Management Office of Shijiazhuang City,Shijiazhuang 050016,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Germplasm Resources and Forest Protection,Baoding 071000,China;Research Center for Walnut Engineering and Technology of Hebei,Lincheng 054300,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省核桃工程技术研究中心,河北临城054300 [3]石家庄市园林绿化管理处,河北石家庄050061 [4]河北省林木种质资源与森林保护重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2019年第2期167-175,共9页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：河北省强势特色学科资助项目(LX1803)

摘　　要：为查明核桃溃疡病的致病病原和生物学特性,通过组织分离法分离致病病原菌,依据柯赫氏法利用烫伤法接种健康核桃枝条进行致病性测定、形态学鉴定和ITS序列分析鉴定病原菌。结果表明,分离得到的菌株是核桃溃疡病的致病病原菌,鉴定为真菌界子囊菌亚门子囊菌纲假球壳目葡萄座腔科葡萄座腔菌Botryosphaeria dothidea,其无性型为七叶树壳梭孢Fusicoccum aesculi;生物学特性测定结果表明,病原菌菌丝生长适宜的温度为25～30℃,最佳温度为30℃,适宜的pH为6～8,最佳pH为7,最佳培养基是PDA培养基,全光照条件下生长速度快;病原菌分生孢子萌发适宜的温度为30～40℃,最佳温度为35℃,适宜的pH为5～7,最佳pH为6,相对湿度在85%以上时适宜孢子萌发,水滴中萌发率最高,全黑暗条件下有利于病原菌孢子的萌发。To identify the pathogens and biological characteristics of walnut canker,the pathogen was isolated by the method of tissue separation and the healthy walnut branches was inoculated by scalding method according to Koch s postulates.Morphology observation and ITS sequence analysis were used to identify the pathogens.The results showed that the isolated strain was the pathogenic pathogen of walnut canker and was identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea,which belongs to Botryosphaericeae,Pleosporales,Ascomycetes,Ascomycotina.Its anamorph is Fusicoccum aesculi.Biological characteristics determination results showed that the suitable temperature for mycelium growth was 25-30℃,and the optimum temperature was 30℃;the suitable pH for growth was 6-8,and the optimum pH was 7;the optimum medium was PDA,and the speed of growth was faster under whole illumination conditions.The suitable temperature for conidium germination was 30-40℃,and the optimum temperature was 35℃;the suitable pH was 5-7,and the optimum pH was 6;the suitable RH for conidium germination was higher than 85%;the optimum germination condition was water droplets,and darkness is conducive to the germination of conidium.

关 键 词：核桃 溃疡病 葡萄座腔菌 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]