一株耐盐类球红细菌的分离鉴定及其对不同作物的促生作用  

Isolation and identification of one salt-tolerant strain of Rhodobacter sphaeorides and its growth promoting effect on different crops

作　　者：陈丽洁 苏品[2] 张卓[2] 翟忠英 孔小婷 杜晓华 程菊娥[2] 唐雯 张德咏 刘勇[1,2] CHEN Li-jie;SU Pin;ZHANG Zhuo;ZHAI Zhong-ying;KONG Xiao-ting;DU Xiao-hua;CHENG Ju-e;TANGWen;ZHANG De-yong;LIU Yong(Long Ping Branch,Graduate School of Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Plant Protection Institute,HunanAcademy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学研究生院隆平分院,长沙410082 [2]湖南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2019年第5期964-973,共10页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31701764);国家自然科学基金项目(31401797);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200403);湖南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(2017JJ3169)

摘　　要：[目的]分离和筛选耐盐菌株并探讨其对不同农作物的促生作用,为进一步研制耐盐微生物菌肥制剂提供理论基础和科学依据。[方法]利用培养基从土壤样品中富集、分离光合细菌,采用形态学特征和分子生物学方法对菌株进行分类鉴定。用水培法培养萌发的番茄和水稻种子,在番茄长出真叶、水稻长出第一叶时,分别灌根施用配制的YYH-1菌液、分离菌菌液、灭活YYH-1菌液、灭活分离菌菌液、培养基和清水,7 d施用1次,连续施用3次。另设盐胁迫试验(番茄和水稻水培液中分别含50和100 mmol/L NaCl),重复上述操作。第3次灌根后7 d,分别测定番茄和水稻的株高、茎长、根长、茎粗、鲜重及叶绿素含量,对比分析菌株BTN-1的耐盐和促生作用。[结果]从土壤样品中分离纯化获得一株菌株,编号为BTN-1。根据菌株BTN-1形态、生理生化特征和16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定该菌株为类球红细菌(Rhodobacter sphaeorides)。促生和盐胁迫试验结果均表明,BTN-1和YYH-1菌液处理对番茄、水稻幼苗的促生效果较佳,其次为灭活BTN-1和灭活YYH-1菌液处理,尤其以BTN-1菌液处理的效果最优。在盐胁迫条件下,与培养基处理相比,BTN-1菌液处理的番茄株高、茎长、根长、茎粗和鲜重分别增长52%、54%、55%、36%和50%,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量分别提高36%和37%;BTN-1菌液处理的水稻株高、茎长、根长、茎粗和鲜重分别增长41%、30%、21%、36%和44%,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量分别提高39%和54%。[结论]菌株BTN-1能促进盐胁迫下番茄和水稻幼苗的生长,同时可提高二者的叶绿素含量,增强其光合作用。该菌具有耐盐和促生作用,在海水灌溉农田、盐碱化土壤利用等方面具有应用潜力,可作为生物菌肥在农业生产中开发利用。【Objective】In order to provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for the further development of salt-tolerant microbial fertilizer preparations,the salt-tolerant strains were isolated and screened and their growth-promoting effects on different crops were studied.【Method】The photosynthetic bacteria were enriched and separated from soil samples by culture medium. The strains were classified and identified by morphological characteristics and molecular biology methods. The germinated tomato and rice seeds were cultured by hydroponic method respectively. When the true leaf of tomato and the first leaf of rice were grown,the strain YYH-1 solution,isolated strain solution,inactivated strain YYH-1 solution, inactivated isolation strain solution,culture medium and clean water were applied once every 7 d and three times in succession. A salt stress test(50 mmol/L NaCl in tomato hydroponic solution,100 mmol/L NaCl in rice hydroponic solution)was set up to repeat the above operations. The plant height,stem length,root length,stem diameter,fresh weight and chlorophyll content of tomato and rice were measured 7 d after the third root irrigation. The salt tolerance and growth promotion of strain BTN-1 were compared and analyzed.【Result】A strain was isolated and purified from soil samples and named BTN-1. The strain BTN-1 was identified as Rhodobacter sphaeorides according to its morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The results of growth promotion and salt stress test showed that BTN-1 and YYH-1 had fine effects on tomato and rice seedlings,followed by inactivated strain BTN-1 solution and inactivated strain YYH-1 solution. The treatment effect of BTN-1 bacteria solution was the best. Under salt stress, compared with medium treatment,plant height,stem length,root length,stem diameter and fresh weight of tomato treated with strain BTN-1 solution increased by 52%,54%,55%,36% and 50%,respectively,chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents increased by 36% and 3

关 键 词：微生物肥料 光合细菌 类球红菌 16S RDNA 耐盐菌株 促生效果 

分 类 号：S144.1[农业科学—肥料学]