扶桑绵粉蚧在广西的发生为害情况调查  

Occurrence and damage of cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley(Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae)in Guangxi

作　　者：孟醒 李金峰 黄立飞[2] 姜建军[2] 杨朗[2] 周忠实[3] 桂富荣[1] 陈斌[1] 陈红松[2,3] MENG Xing;LI Jin-feng;HUANG Li-fei;JIANG Jian-jun;YANG Lang;ZHOU Zhong-shi;GUI Fu-rong;CHEN Bin;CHEN Hong-song(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory for Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [2]广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室/广西农业科学院植物保护研究所,南宁530007 [3]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2019年第5期1021-1027,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1202100);国家自然科学基金项目(31560533);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204041);广西自然科学基金项目(2017GXNSFAA198286)

摘　　要：[目的]明确扶桑绵粉蚧在广西的发生为害现状,为扶桑绵粉蚧的有效治理提供科学依据。[方法]根据广西壮族自治区市级地图,从各市区及其主要区(县)随机选取5个有朱槿绿化带的调查点,在每个调查点的朱槿绿化带中采用等距取样法选取5个1m×10 m的样方,以目测法调查每个样方中朱槿上扶桑绵粉蚧的数量及为害程度。[结果]广西境内14个市215个调查点中有117个调查点未发现扶桑绵粉蚧,为害等级为1、2、3和4级的调查点分别有25、35、27和11个。14个市中,除桂林市未发现扶桑绵粉蚧外,其余13个城市均有分布,崇左、防城港、梧州和北海市受害最严重,其中崇左市朱槿受侵染率高达92.9%,平均虫口量达2534.6头/株;防城港市朱槿受侵染率为83.5%,平均虫口量为2976.2头/株;河池市是除桂林市外侵染率最低的城市,侵染率为5.6%,平均虫口量为27.6头/株。在所有的调查点中,虫量较多、为害严重的发生地大多为菜市场和住宅小区附近的朱槿绿化带。[结论]扶桑绵粉蚧已在广西多个城市成功定殖、扩散蔓延,并在崇左和防城港市呈暴发成灾的趋势。为避免扶桑绵粉蚧进一步传播和为害,应加强朱槿苗木管理,切断传染源,并加强疫区监测,及时防控,避免暴发成灾。【Objective】Study on the occurrence and damage of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley in Guangxi could provide fundamental information for effective control of P. solenopsis.【Method】According to the city map of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,five survey sites with Hibiscus rosa-sinensis green belt were randomly selected from the urban area of each city and the main districts(counties)around. In the H. rosa-sinensis green belt of each survey point,five 1 m×10 m squares were selected by the equidistant sampling method,and the number and damage degree of P. solenopsis on H. rosa-sinensis in each sample point was investigated.【Result】Among the 215 survey sites in 14 cities of Guangxi, 117 survey sites were without P. solenopsis,the infestation levels of 25 survey sites were grade 1,35 survey sites were grade 2,27 survey sites were grade 3 and 11 survey sites were grade 4. Among the 14 cities in Guangxi,except for Guilin, the remaining 13 cities were found P. solenopsis. Among them,Chongzuo,Fangchenggang,Wuzhou and Beihai were seriously damaged. The infection rate of H. rosa-sinensis in Chongzuo was 92.9%,and the the average population density was 2534.6 insects per plant. The infection rate of H. rosa-sinensis in Fangchenggang was 83.5%,and the the average population density was 2976.2 insects per plant. Hechi had the lowest infection rate except Guilin. The infection rate was only 5.6%,and the average population density was 27.6 insects per plant. Among all the survey sites,most of the insects and serious damages occurred in the vegetable market and the H. rosa-sinensis green belt near the residential community.【Conclusion】P. solenopsis has been successfully colonized and spread in many cities of Guangxi,and has been experiencing a disaster in Chongzuo and Fangchenggang. In order to avoid further spread and damage of P. solenopsis,it is necessary to strengthen the management of H. rosa-sinensis seedlings,cut off the source of infection,strengthen the detection of epidemic areas,prevent and control in ti

关 键 词：扶桑绵粉蚧 发生 为害 广西 

分 类 号：S436.81[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]