公务员退休制度改革的思考:基于国际比较的视角  

Foreign Civil Servent Retirement System Construction and the Enlightment to China

作　　者：方志[1] Fang Zhi

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学人口与经济编辑部

出　　处：《中国人事科学》2019年第4期12-23,共12页Chinese Personnel Science

摘　　要：公务员退休制度一般包括公务员的退休条件设置、退休待遇确定、退休安置与退休管理制度等方面的内容。在各国公务员立法中,退休通常被作为公务员的一项基本权利,由完整的法律体系加以规范。随着近年来各国老龄化情况的逐步加剧,越来越多的国家取消了提前退休的激励,转向鼓励延迟退休,提高退休年龄的弹性,并实行养老的社会化管理。参考国外公务员退休管理制度,改革和完善我国公务员退休制度。一是应加快退休立法,为公务员的退休管理活动提供必要的法律保障。二是应加大公务员退休的弹性,科学设置退休的条件,照顾身体健康等方面处于弱势的群体。三是应加快养老金制度改革,将公务员的养老保障纳入全国统一的社会养老保障范畴。四是应创建年龄友好型社会,提高老年人社会化管理的能力,推动公务员退休向社会化管理的转变。The retirement system of civil servants generally includes the setting of retirement conditions for civil servants, determination of retirement benefits, retirement resettlement and retirement management system, etc. In the legislation of civil servants in various countries, retirement is usually regarded as a basic right of civil servants and regulated by a complete legal system. With the gradual aggravation of the aging situation in various countries in recent years, more and more countries have abolished the incentive of early retirement, turned to encourage delayed retirement, improve the flexibility of retirement age, and implement socialized management of old age. Referring to the retirement management system of foreign civil servants, reforming and perfecting the retirement system of our civil servants, first, we should speed up the retirement legislation to provide necessary legal protection for the retirement management activities of civil servants. Second, we should increase the flexibility of civil servants’ retirement, scientifically set retirement conditions, and take care of vulnerable groups in terms of physical health. Third, we should speed up the reform of the pension system and bring the old-age security for civil servants into the unified category of social old-age security nationwide. Fourth, we should create an agefriendly society, improve the ability of the elderly to socialize management, and promote the transformation of civil servants’ retirement to socialized managemen.

关 键 词：公务员 西方文官制度 退休制度 国际比较 

分 类 号：D035.2[政治法律—政治学]