安徽水阳江流域2017年旧石器考古调查简报  

A preliminary report on the Paleolithic survey in Shuiyangjiang River system,Anhui Province in 2017

作　　者：董哲 裴树文[1,2] 袁四方[5] DONG Zhe;PEI Shuwen;YUAN Sifang(Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044;CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing,100044;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics,Anhui Province,Hefei 230601;Office for Cultural Relics Administration of Ningguo City,Ningguo 242300)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044 [2]中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心,北京100044 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]安徽省文物考古研究所,合肥230601 [5]宁国市文物管理所,宁国242300

出　　处：《人类学学报》2019年第2期223-231,共9页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB26000000);国家自然科学基金项目(41872029,41630102)资助

摘　　要：2017年12月至2018年1月,安徽省文物考古研究所和中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所在安徽水阳江流域开展旧石器考古调查工作,新发现15处旧石器地点,获得56件石制品。石制品可分为剥片类、废片类和打击类三大类。剥片类(包括石核、小型修理工具和大型切割工具)43件,石核类型有随意石核、准石球、盘状石核、多面体石核、砸击石核、石核刮削器、重型刮削器、单面和两面砍砸器等;小型工具1件,为尖状器;大型切割工具4件,手斧和手镐各2件。废片类10件,有I型、II型和III型石片、砸击石片、碎片和碎屑;打击类2件,包括石锤和石砧各1件。石制品原料以石英岩为主,其次为石英、燧石、安山岩和玄武岩等,原料多为河流砾石,就地取材。石核剥片与工具修理以锤击法为主,少量为砸击法产生。这批石制品埋藏于水阳江及其支流两岸的第二、三级阶地,石制品主要埋藏于网纹红土层中,依据已有工作初步推测,新发现地点的时代主要为中更新世中、晚期;其中五磁地点埋藏于灰黄色-灰白色黏土中的石制品应为晚更新世。大型切割工具的发现表明该地区存在模式2技术,这为探求早期人类在长江下游的扩散和技术发展模式具有重要意义。This report presents the preliminary results of a Paleolithic survey in the Shuiyangjiang River system,Anhui Province. The investigation was conducted by the Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics of Anhui Province and the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences. A total of 15 new localities was discovered and confirmed,mainly buried in the 2nd and 3rd terraces of Shuiyangjiang River and its branches. Typologically,these lithic artifacts include Pounded Pieces (stone hammer and anvil), Flaked Pieces (casual cores,discoids,polyhedrons,heavy-duty scrapers,core-scrapers,unifacial or bifacial choppers and point),and Detached Pieces(flakes,bipolar products,and chips etc). The raw materials used for making these lithic artifacts are mainly quartzite,which are available as pebbles in nearby river gravels. Almost all of the lithic artifacts made in quartzite are heavily abraded and weathered,which indicates that these sites are formed by river flow. According to geomorphological and stratigraphic comparisons,these newly discovered localities may be dated to the Middle Pleistocene. Only one locality named Wuci may belong to the Late Pleistocene. The absolute age of these localities will be obtained in future with the OSL dating method. It should be noted that several unifacial handaxes and picks imply that Mode 2 technology most probably existed in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River system,which is significant for studying early human dispersal and technological development in China.

关 键 词：旧石器调查 水阳江流域 石制品 大型切割工具 中、晚更新世 

分 类 号：K871.11[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]