功能主义刑法观的理性认识及其限制  

The Rational Cognition of the Functionalist Perspective on Criminal Law and Its Limitation

作　　者：王强军[1] Wang Qiangjun

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第3期109-120,共12页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18BFX106);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(63192419)

摘　　要：功能主义刑法有别于机能主义刑法,功能主义刑法强调的是将刑法视为一种工具所具有的功能和使命,而机能主义刑法强调的是刑法相对于其他部门法的内在机理,强调的是一种客观、内在。功能主义刑法更多的是强调,基于适用主体的价值需求,刑法所承担的功能和使命随适用主体需要的变化而变化,具有相当大的主观性、易变性和多元性。机能主义刑法是一种内在的机理,具有客观性和稳定性。各国的刑法机能是相同的,而功能主义刑法是有差异的。随着社会发展,对新型犯罪、新兴犯罪进行犯罪化,是可以且正当的,并不属于刑法的滥用;而功能主义刑法是将刑法作为一种工具,其应对的并不是客观上应当由刑法处理的行为。所以,应当用刑法机能的稳定性来限定功能主义刑法的多元性。The functionalism of criminal law is different from the mechanism of criminal law. The functions of criminal law emphasize the effects and missions of the criminal law as a kind of instrumentality, while the mechanisms of criminal law emphasize the objective and internal mechanisms of criminal law relative to other department laws. The functions of criminal law put more attention to the value demand of the applicable subjects, and varies with the needs of the applicable subjects, therefore it has considerable subjectivity, changeability and pluralism. The mechanism of criminal law is a kind of internal mechanism with objectivity and stability. In a word, the mechanisms of criminal law in different countries are the same, but the functions of criminal law between countries are different. The plurality of the functionalist criminal law should be restricted by the mechanisms of criminal law.

关 键 词：功能主义刑法 刑法机能 刑法扩张 刑法谦抑 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]