中国企业对外直接投资的自我选择效应与学习效应  

Self-selection Effect and Learning Effect of Enterprise’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment in China

作　　者：齐亚伟[1,2] Qi Yawei

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所 [2]江西财经大学

出　　处：《数量经济研究》2019年第2期78-90,共13页The Journal of Quantitative Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于双边环境约束的对外直接投资对母国绿色技术创新的作用机制”(71763010)、“低碳视角下促进区域经济协调发展的要素空间联动机制研究”(71463023);江西省自然科学基金项目“双边环境约束下江西省对外直接投资的绿色技术创新效应研究”(20181BAA208044)的联合资助

摘　　要：本文利用中国工业企业微观数据,构建包含Probit模型的联立方程,检验研发创新背景下企业全要素生产率的提升到底源自对外直接投资的自我选择效应还是学习效应,并根据投资区位和对外直接投资类型的不同,对实证结果进行稳健性检验。结果显示:对外直接投资的自我选择效应和学习效应显著存在,且学习效应占主导地位,当企业向发达国家(地区)投资、对外投资类型为综合型时,对外直接投资对全要素生产率的提升作用最为明显。同时,环境规制通过研发创新影响企业全要素生产率,且与企业生产率之间呈现"倒U形"关系,证实了"波特假说"的存在。This paper builds simultaneous equations containing Probit model,using micro-data from China's industrial enterprises database,to inspect that promotion of enterprise's total factor productivity derives from self-selected effect or learning effect of OFDI under the background of innovation,and according to difference of investment location and foreign direct investment types,this paper makes a robustness test to the empirical results.Results showed that self-selection effect and learning effect of OFDI are significant,and learning effect is dominant;when investment location lies the developed countries (regions)and the type of OFDI is diversified,promotion effect of OFDI on total factor productivity is the most obvious.At the same time,environmental regulation affect the enterprise's total factor productivity through innovation,presenting the inverted-U relationship between environmental regulation and productivity,confirming the existence of "Porter Hypothesis".

关 键 词：对外直接投资 全要素生产率 自我选择效应 学习效应 

分 类 号：F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易]