乙烯处理水仙催多花技术和机理的研究  

Study on Technology and Mechanism of Ethylene Treatment Promotes the Formation of More Flowers of Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis

作　　者：申艳红[1] 姜涛 赵湾湾 阮蔚华 张寒 周斌 陈红梅 陈晓静 SHEN Yan-Hong;JIANG Tao;ZHAO Wan-Wan;RUAN Wei-Hua;ZHANG Han;ZHOU Bin;CHEN Hong-Mei;CHEN Xiao-Jing(College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066600, China;College of Horticulture/Institute of Genetics & Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院园艺科技学院,秦皇岛066600 [2]福建农林大学园艺学院/园艺植物遗传育种研究所,福州350002

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2019年第6期1003-1015,共13页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：福建农林大学园艺学院青年学术骨干培养基金项目(No.FAFU2012YYPY05);河北科技师范学院博士研究启动基金项目(No.2018YB023)

摘　　要：花葶数量是衡量水仙(Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis)商品鳞茎品质的重要指标之一。传统的水仙鳞茎熏蒸方法由于不能严格控制乙烯浓度,导致花芽诱导效果不佳。本实验研发了乙烯处理水仙催多花技术,采用200 μL/L乙烯气体在密闭容器中熏蒸水仙三年生鳞茎两次,可使花葶和小花数量提高1倍。为探讨乙烯催多花的原因,测定了不同处理的生理生化指标,并将处理后1 d的样品分别进行了转录组测序。外源乙烯增加了可溶性糖与蛋白质含量,提高了过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)活性、吲哚乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)和玉米素(zeatin, ZA)水平。对水仙鳞茎转录组测序,共获得了65 898个unigenes,其中对照55 793个unigene、1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene, 1-MCP)处理57 321个unigene、乙烯处理64 350个unigene。基因本体(Gene Ontology, GO)分析显示,外源乙烯处理提高了水仙鳞茎的活性,促进了GO term中大部分基因的上调表达。通过比较不同处理间基因的差异表达,筛选了62个候选基因,包含4个淀粉与蔗糖代谢途径基因、9个多胺合成与转运基因、11个木质素合成与转运基因、31个成花相关基因和7个其他调控基因。12个基因的qRT-PCR结果验证了RNA-Seq的正确性。这些差异表达基因在水仙花芽分化过程中可能具有重要作用。本研究在生理生化和分子水平对乙烯处理促进水仙鳞茎花芽分化机制进行了探讨,为进一步阐明水仙花芽分化分子机制和指导水仙提供了理论依据。The number of scapes is an important index to measure the quality and price of narcissus (Narcissus tazetta) bulbs. Because it is hard to strict control ethylene concentration, the traditional method for narcissus bulbs fumigation may cause bad effect on flower bud induction. In this study, transcriptome with deep sequencing was used on the ethylene (ETH)/1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treated narcissus to reveal the molecular mechanism of the floral initiation of narcissus. A scientific method of narcissus bulbs treatment have been obtained in our study. Narcissus bulbs were incubated with 200 μL/L of ethylene for 5 h in a sealed container and these bulbs were treated again two days later. Ethylene treatment promotes the floral bud differentiation of narcissus and doubles the number of scapes and flowers. The results of physiological and biochemical indexes showed that exogenous ethylene application promoted DNA replication, gene expression, protein synthesis, sugar metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, increased the level of protein, peroxidase (POD) activity, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and zeatin (ZA) level. De novo transcriptome and RNA-Seq analysis of three treatment groups showed that 65 898 unigenes were obtained in all samples, including 55 793(control group), 57 321(1-MCP), and 64 350(ETH), with average length is 692 bp. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that exogenous ethylene promotes the expression of most genes in all terms. Through differential expression analysis, 62 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to flowering were screened out: four genes in starch and sucrose metabolism, nine genes in polyamine synthesis and transport, eleven genes in lignin synthesis and transport, thirty-one flowering-related genes, and seven other regulation genes. Key genes of COL14, FRL3, VRN1, FPA in the photoperiod pathway, vernalization pathway, autonomous pathway had significant difference in expression compared to the control group. Twelve genes correlated with flowering were selected and confir

关 键 词：水仙 花芽分化 转录组测序 乙烯 

分 类 号：S682.21[农业科学—观赏园艺]