典型非金属矿物制造工艺过程源成分谱特征  

Characterization of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) Source Profiles for Emissions from Nonmetal Mineral Products Manufacturing Processes

作　　者：赵雪艳[1] 于高峰 王信梧 张向炎 殷宝辉[1] 刘盈盈 王歆华[1] 杨文[1] 赵若杰 ZHAO Xue-yan;YU Gao-feng;WANG Xin-wu;ZHANG Xiang-yan;YIN Bao-hui;LIU Ying-ying;WANG Xin-hua;YANG Wen;ZHAO Ruo-jie(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Linyi Environmental Monitoring Station,Linyi 276000,China;Zibo Environmental Monitoring Station,Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]临沂市环境监测站,临沂276000 [3]淄博市环境监测站,淄博255000

出　　处：《环境科学》2019年第6期2526-2532,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0212501)

摘　　要：鉴于我国缺乏非金属矿物制品工艺过程源成分谱(源谱)现状,采用稀释通道系统于2017年2～6月采集了玻璃制造、陶瓷制造和砖瓦制造共6个非金属矿物制品企业排放的PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)样品,对样品中的50种化学组分进行分析,构建相应的源谱,并对其特征进行研究.结果表明,玻璃制造源谱中以Na元素为主(质量分数介于9. 2%～18. 5%之间),陶瓷制造源谱中以Al、Si、Ca和Fe等地壳元素为主(质量分数在1. 7%～8. 7%之间),耐火砖和页岩砖源谱则是以SO_4^(2-)、NH_4^+等水溶性离子为主,SO_4^(2-)和NH_4^+质量分数分别介于36. 9%～48. 1%和7. 7%～17. 0%之间.不同企业因燃料类型、脱硫脱硝除尘方式不同会对源谱中的化学组分产生影响.源谱之间的分歧系数(CD)显示除页岩砖制造外,其余源谱2种粒径之间均较为相似,同粒径不同源谱间均存在差异,浮法玻璃与药用玻璃之间和2个陶瓷企业之间的CD值相对较小.使用R/U值比较源谱间不同组分的差异识别出Na和As元素可作为玻璃制造的标识组分,陶瓷制造可用Al和Ti来识别,NO_3^-和NH_4^+区分耐火砖,SO_4^(2-)和NH_4^+识别页岩砖.In view of the insufficient source profiles for emissions from nonmetal mineral products manufacturing processes in China,a dilution sampling system was used to collect PM10 and PM2. 5 samples from glassmaking,ceramics,and firebrick manufacturing sources between February and June of 2017.The characteristics of 50 chemical components in the samples were studied to identify source profiles.The results showed that the dominant composition of particulate matter in glassmaking plant profiles was Na,with percentages ranging from 9. 2% to 18. 5%.Ceramics profiles were enriched in Al,Si,Ca,and Fe,with percentages ranging from 1. 7% to 8. 7%.Refractory brick and shale manufacturing process profiles were characterized by high abundances of SO4^2-( 36. 9%-48. 1%) and NH4^+( 7. 7%-17. 0%).Chemical components in the source profiles varied with the different fuel types and desulfurization, denitrification,and dedusting methods.The coefficients of divergence ( CD) between PM2. 5 and PM10 from the same process were similar except for the results from the shale manufacturing process ( CD values > 0. 3),thus indicating that the elements profiles of PM2. 5 might be similar to those in PM10.Profiles of the same particle size from different processes were significantly different from one another,with CD values ranging from 0. 42 to 0. 76.The CD values for float glass and medicinal glass,and the CD values for the two ceramic enterprises were relatively small.The distributions of weighted differences ( R/U ratios) were used to compare the differences of components between the source profiles,and results showed that the identified components for glass manufacturing,ceramic manufacturing,fireproof bricks,and page rock bricks were Na and As,Al and Ti,NO3^- and NH4^+,and SO4^2- and NH4^+,respectively.

关 键 词：源成分谱 非金属矿物制品 玻璃制造 陶瓷制造 耐火砖制造 分歧系数 标识组分 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]