垃圾焚烧厂排放颗粒物组分粒径分布特征  

Characteristics of Component Particle Size Distributions of Particulate Matter Emitted from a Waste Incineration Plant

作　　者：余卓君 吴建会[1] 张裕芬[1] 张进生[1] 冯银厂[1] 李蒲 YU Zhuo-jun;WU Jian-hui;ZHANG Yu-fen;ZHANG Jin-sheng;FENG Yin-chang;LI Pu(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center,Wuhan 430015,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,天津300350 [2]武汉市环境监测中心,武汉430015

出　　处：《环境科学》2019年第6期2533-2539,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0208501);武汉市重大科技专项

摘　　要：本研究采用静电低压撞击器(ELPI)采集垃圾焚烧厂排放颗粒物,分析颗粒物中元素和碳组分,对其中OC、EC和重金属元素在14个粒径段的粒径特征进行分析,并建立了垃圾焚烧厂源PM_1、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的元素和碳组分成分谱,以期为精细化来源解析提供参考.结果表明,垃圾焚烧厂排放颗粒物的主要组分有Al、Si、S、Ca、Cr、Fe、OC和EC等(质量分数≥1%),其中OC和Ca的含量较高,在PM_(2.5)中的质量分数分别为10. 15%和12. 37%;重金属含量Cr> Pb> Zn> Mn> Cu> Cd> Ni,其中Cr和Pb在PM_(2.5)中的质量分数分别为1. 83%和0. 74%,Cr在PM_1中的质量分数达到3. 53%; OC在2. 39～3. 99μm和6. 68～9. 91μm这2个粒径段的含量达到峰值,分别占OC总含量的15. 02%和20. 45%,但在细颗粒物中的含量高于在粗颗粒物中的含量,EC在细颗粒物中的含量远高于在粗颗粒物中的含量,在0. 382～0. 613μm粒径段占14. 8%; Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb等重金属元素主要富集于细颗粒中.There are few analyses on the components of particulate matter emitted from waste incineration plants.In past studies, analyses of particle size distribution characteristics of the components were mainly targeted at particles with larger particle sizes.An electrical low pressure impactor ( ELPI) was used in this study to collect the particulate matter emitted from a waste incineration plant, and the elements and carbonaceous components of these samples were analyzed.The particle size characteristics of organic carbon ( OC),elemental carbon ( EC),and heavy metal elements in 14 particle size segments were analyzed and composition profiles of elements and carbonaceous components of PM1 ,PM2. 5 ,and PM10 from the waste incineration plant were established to provide a reference for refined source apportionment research.The results showed that the main components of the waste incineration plant included Al,Si,S,Ca,Cr,Fe,OC,EC,etc.OC and Ca were dominating components,and mass fractions of these components in the PM2. 5 profile were 10. 15% and 12. 37%,respectively.The contents of heavy metals were ranked as Cr > Pb > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cd > Ni,and the mass fractions of Cr and Pb in PM2. 5 amounted to 1. 83% and 0. 74%,respectively.OC in the range of 2. 39-3. 99 and 6. 68-9. 91 μm accounted for 15. 02% and 20. 45% of the total OC content,respectively,and the content of OC in fine particles was higher than that in coarse particles.The content of EC in fine particles was much higher than that in coarse particles,and it accounted for 14. 8% in the 0. 382-0. 613 μm particle size.Heavy metal elements such as Cr,Mn,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,and Pb were mainly concentrated in the fine particles.

关 键 词：垃圾焚烧 颗粒物 碳组分 重金属 粒径分布 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]