价值决定向价值实现的蜕化:置盐定理的逻辑推理困境  

Degenerating Value Determination to Value Realisation: The Logical Dilemma of the Okishio Theorem

作　　者：王生升 李帮喜 顾珊 Wang Shengsheng;Li Bangxi;Gu Shan

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院,300350 [2]清华大学社会科学学院经济学研究所,100084

出　　处：《世界经济》2019年第6期3-19,共17页The Journal of World Economy

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“从当代世界经济体系的新变化透视一带一路的历史定位研究”(16BJL100);国家社科基金一般项目“数理政治经济学的理论与经验研究”(17BJL020)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：与马克思关于剩余价值生产和实现之间辩证关系的分析不同,置盐定理仅仅展示了社会总资本矛盾运动的一个方面,即剩余价值实现对剩余价值生产的反向影响,剩余价值生产与剩余价值实现被简化为同一过程。这种简化消除了剩余价值生产和实现的矛盾对立,资本主义社会中积累和消费的对抗性矛盾及其背后的对抗性生产-分配关系被遮蔽起来,因此它无法说明作为资本主义历史发展规律的一般利润率下降趋势的现实展开方式。但置盐定理把一般利润率重新置于部类均衡的社会再生产模型中进行分析,点明了工资收入对剩余价值实现的意义,勾勒了剩余价值实现反作用于剩余价值生产的宏观机制,有力推动了利润率趋向下降规律的研究进展。Different from Marx s analysis of the dialectical relationship between the production and realization of surplus value,Okishio theorem only shows one aspect of the contradictory movement of total social capital,that is,the reverse effect of the realization of surplus value on the production of surplus value.The production of surplus value and the realization of surplus value are simplified into one process.This simplification eliminates the contradiction between the production and realization of surplus value,and the antagonistic contradiction between accumulation and consumption and the antagonistic production-distribution relationship in capitalist society are naturally covered up.Therefore,it cannot explain the actual expansion way of the falling general rate of profit as the historical development law of capitalism.Nevertheless,it should be noted that the Okishio theorem places the analysis of general rate of profit back into the social reproduction model with department equilibrium,which points out the significance of wage income to the realization of surplus value,and outlines the macro-mechanism that the realization of surplus value reacts to the production of surplus value.It also strongly promotes the research progress of the law that profit rate tends to decline.

关 键 词：置盐定理 利润率趋向下降规律 剩余价值生产和实现 

分 类 号：F014.39[经济管理—政治经济学]