胆囊胆固醇结石发生机制的研究进展  

Advances in Research on Mechanism of Cholesterol Gallstone

作　　者：刘超[1] 薛东波[1] LIU Chao;XUE Dongbo(Department of Minimally Invasive Biliary Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院微创胆道外科

出　　处：《医学综述》2019年第11期2103-2108,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81770634)

摘　　要：胆固醇结石的形成是一个复杂的过程,胆汁中胆固醇超饱和、成核因子致微泡稳态失衡、胆汁纤溶系统紊乱在胆固醇结石的形成中起决定性作用。胆囊运动障碍,胆固醇代谢紊乱,胆固醇反向转运,患者患有代谢紊乱综合征等均会导致胆汁中胆固醇处于过饱和状态。促/抑成核因子能够干扰微泡和微胶粒对胆固醇的溶解,从而在胆石形成过程中发挥关键作用。血小板并未参与成石胆汁的凝血激活过程,微泡可能为凝血激活过程提供所需的磷脂表面,但凝血激活过程及微泡在胆石形成中发挥的作用还有待进一步研究。The formation of cholesterol stones is a complex process.The cholesterol supersaturation in bile,the nucleation factor-induced microbubble homeostasis imbalance,and the bile fibrinolysis system disorder play decisive roles in the formation of cholesterol stones.Gallbladder dyskinesia,cholesterol metabolism disorder,cholesterol reverse transport,metabolic syndrome can all cause cholesterol in the bile to be supersaturated.Promoting/inhibiting nucleating factors can interfere with the dissolution of cholesterol by microbubbles and micelles,and thus play a key role in the formation of gallstones.Platelets are not involved in the coagulation activation process of calcified bile,and microbubbles may provide the desired phospholipid surface for the coagulation activation process.The role of coagulation activation and the role of microbubbles in the formation of gallstones remains to be further studied.

关 键 词：胆石症 胆固醇结石 微泡 

分 类 号：R657.42[医药卫生—外科学]