干热河谷地区芒果炭疽病菌生物学特性  

Biological Characteristics of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Mango Anthracnose in the Dry Hot Valley Area of Yunnan Province

作　　者：杨子祥[1] 苏银玲[1] 白明第[1] 刘海刚[1] 木万福[1] 段元杰 杨玉皎 方海东[1] YANG Zixiang;SU Yinling;BAI Mingdi;LIU Haigang;MU Wanfu;DUAN Yuanjie;YANG Yujiao;FANG Haidong(Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley Botanical Garden, Yuanmou, Yunnan 651300)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所/元谋干热河谷植物园

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2019年第4期62-66,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：金沙江干热河谷坝区生态综合治理及农业产业发展技术试验示范(No.2017YFC0505102)

摘　　要：采用菌丝生长速率法和血球计数板法,研究不同环境条件对芒果炭疽病菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides生长和孢子形成的影响。结果表明,该菌菌丝生长及产生分生孢子的温度为10~35℃,菌丝生长适宜温度为15~25℃;孢子形成适宜温度为20~25℃。在pH3~11,该菌菌丝均能生长,最适pH为7;pH3~10,孢子均可形成,最适pH为4。该菌能利用多种单糖、多糖和醇类作为碳源,最易利用的碳源是麦芽糖;对有机氮源的利用能力明显高于无机氮源,其中,最易利用的氮源是牛肉膏。24h光照有利于菌丝生长,光暗交替则有利于产孢。菌丝体的致死温度为56℃10min,分生孢子的致死温度为51℃10min。Mycelium growth rate method and blood cell count plate method were used to study the effects of different environmental conditions on mycelial growth and sporulation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing mango anthracnose. The results showed that the temperature for mycelium growth and conidial germination of C. gloeosporioides was in the range of 10-35℃. The optimum temperature ranged from 15 to 25℃ for mycelium growth and from 20 to 25℃ for sporulation. The mycelia grew at pH 3-11, best at pH 7;conidia were generated at pH 3-10, optimum at pH 4. Monosaccharide, polysaccharides and alcohols were carbon sources for this fungus, and maltose was the optimum carbon source. The organic nitrogen source for this fungus was significantly better than inorganic nitrogen source, and beef extract was the optimum nitrogen source. A 24 hours light culture was beneficial to the growth of mycelia, and alternation of light and dark (12 hours light and 12 hours darkness) culture was beneficial to sporulation of the fungus. The lethal temperature for the mycelium was 56℃ for 10 minutes, while the lethal temperature for the conidia was 51 ℃ for 10 minutes.

关 键 词：芒果 胶孢炭疽菌 菌丝生长 孢子形成 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]