涌泉根灌下灌水器埋深对水氮运移特性影响的研究  

Research on the Influence of Buried Depth of Irrigation Water on Nitrogen and Nitrogen Transportation Characteristics in Bubbled-Root Irrigation

作　　者：何振嘉 HE Zhen jia(Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd, Xi'an 710075,China;Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering,Ministry of Land and Resources, Xi'an, 710021, China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司 [2]国土资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2019年第6期104-110,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

摘　　要：在陕北米脂县西北农林科技大学试验基地进行了涌泉根灌肥液入渗试验,研究了不同灌水器埋深条件下湿润体特征值的变化规律及水氮运移特性。结果表明:涌泉根灌肥液入渗累积入渗量、入渗率及各向湿润锋运移距离均随灌水器埋深增加而减小;累积入渗量与入渗时间之间符合Kostiakov幂函数模型;水平方向和竖直方向湿润锋运移距离均随入渗时间增长而增加。随着埋深增加,土壤含水率峰值出现位置越低,湿润体上部含水率越低,这有助于减小地表蒸发损失,土壤NH4^+-N含量峰值出现位置越低;以NH4^+-N峰值为界限,峰值以上,灌水器埋深增加,相同位置处NH4^+-N含量越低,峰值以下,相同位置处NH4^+-N含量越高。不同灌水器埋深条件下,土壤剖面NH4^+-N含量分布差异较大,随埋深增加,入渗结束后NH4^+-N含量峰值越深,但随着时间的延长,土壤表层NH4^+-N含量升高速度更快。The bubbled-root irrigation infiltration solution in experiments is conducted at the experimental base of the Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University in Mizhi County in northern Shaanxi Province. The characteristics of the wettability and the transport characteristics of the water and nitrogen are studied under different depths of the emitter. The results show that the cumulative infiltration and infiltration rates of infiltration of Bubbled-root irrigation infiltration solution all decrease with the depth of the emitter;the cumulative infiltration and infiltration time were in accordance with the Kostiakov power function model;horizontal direction and vertical The migration distance of vertical wetting front increase with the increase in infiltration time. With the deeper depth of the emitter,the migration distance of the anisotropic front shows a decreasing trend. The deeper the burial depth,the deeper the location of the peak soil moisture content,the lower the moisture content of the upper wetted body,which helps reduce surface evaporation losses. With the increase in burier depth,the deeper the peak of NH4^+-N content,the higher the peak value of NH4^+-N,the deeper the burial depth of the emitter,and the lower the NH4^+-N content at the same location,below the peak value. Under different buried depths of emitters,the distribution of NH4^+-N content in soil profiles is quite different. The deeper the burial depth,the deeper the peak value of NH4^+-N content after infiltration,but with the extension of time,the content of NH4^+-N in the soil surface increases faster.

关 键 词：涌泉根灌 肥液入渗 湿润体 数学模型 水氮分布 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程] S275.4[农业科学—农业水土工程]