一处环境谦卑之所:艾米莉·狄金森的环境诗学  

A Place of Environmental Humility: Emily Dickinson’s Environmental Poetics

作　　者：李玲[1] LI Ling(School of Foreign Languages,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学外国语学院

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2019年第3期90-97,共8页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“艾米莉·狄金森自然的多元视角研究”(项目编号:17BWW059)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：自然是狄金森诗歌最常见的主题,其多数诗歌皆与自然有千丝万缕的关联,表达出狄金森素朴的环境意识。狄金森密切关注自然界小生物,这些细微的动植物以前大都被忽略遗忘。狄金森的自然表现出其心领神会的位置感,一种非人类中心的姿态与对自然的亲近与敬畏感。此外,狄金森诗歌中的“圆周”,一个其着重强调又如谜语一般的表达,蕴含圆周般的模式和运动,诉说着自然不仅指边界,也包括从中心辐射至边缘的整个圆,以此可读出其以生态整体视角看待自然的倾向性。鉴于此,狄金森的自然可以理解为一处环境谦卑之所,其环境诗学不但表达出消解人类傲慢自大的环境伦理意识,也反映建立自然与文化和谐关系的美好愿景,指出人类与环境互为影响,人类既不应控制主宰自然,也无需刻意奉承自然。对自然常怀谦卑之心,乃人类与自然和谐共存的前提。Nature is one of the major motifs in Emily Dickinson’s poetry and most of her poems cover nature in one way or another, which shows her environmental awareness, which has been revealed by her frequent concern about small creatures in nature, including the previously overlooked, as well as supposedly minor flora and fauna. Dickinson’s presentation of nature shows her sense of the place, a non-anthropocentric stance and a sense of affinity and awe in relation to nature. Meanwhile, her “circumference”, an emphasized and riddle-like expression, contains circular shapes and movements as symbols not only of the circle, but also of the whole unit from the center to the boundary of the circle, which can be read as a tendency to treat nature from the perspective of eco-holism. Thus, Dickinson’s nature can be taken as a place of environmental humility and her environmental poetics not only shows a kind of environmental ethics free from pride and arrogance of human kinds, but also can be understood as an outlook of the harmonious relationship between nature and culture. Human beings both influence and are influenced by settings with neither domination nor subservience to nature. A sense of humility to nature in human minds is an ideal stance to keep the harmony between nature and humankind.

关 键 词：艾米莉·狄金森 环境意识 环境谦卑 环境诗学 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]