基于DEM及高分影像的河口流域信息快速提取  

Estuarine Watershed Information Rapid Extraction Based on DEM and High-resolution Remote Sensing Image

作　　者：晏王波[1] 朱晨曦[2] 戴煜暄 YAN Wangbo

机构地区：[1]江苏省测绘研究所,江苏南京210098 [2]江苏省土地勘测规划院,江苏南京210098 [3]浙江省第一测绘院,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《地理空间信息》2019年第6期93-97,I0004,共6页Geospatial Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40806018);江苏近海海洋综合调查与评价项目(JS-908)

摘　　要：入海河口是陆地和海洋之间的过渡区域,由于入海河口受海陆交互作用,受水沙过程、水动力过程影响明显,河口滩面地形变化频繁,空间数据特别是滩面地形数据获取较为困难,难以开展滩面水文过程分析。本研究首先提出一个总体框架用于河口流域提取,其核心是通过ModelBuilder构建链式河口流域地理处理过程,基于DEM进行一站式滩面信息处理,实现河口流域信息的快速提取。对于一些侵蚀性河口或者人工干预比较多的河口,研究辅以高分辨率影像非监督分类方法,进行河口流域信息的快速提取。研究结果表明,本研究在河口流域提取方面有良好的实用性,可方便地进行多种情境分析与比较,减少中间数据处理过程,进而有效地应用辅助规划决策。Estuary is the transition area between land and ocean. Affected by hydrodynamic processes and exchange of sea and land, estuary changes a lot. It is difficult to acquire spatial data of estuaries. In this research, we built an analysis framework to perform estuarine watershed analysis. The core part of the framework was the one-stop geoprocessing, which facilitated the complex estuarine delineation process by translating from the push-based processing model into the novel pull-based processing model using Model Builder. It was effective to reduce intermediate process data and information of estuary watershed could be extracted rapidly. And this geoprocessing could be efficiently used in flat muddy coastal beaches. For the erosive estuaries or the estuaries affected by human activities, high-resolution remote sensing visual image interpretation and un-supervised classification methodology such as ISODATA were used as ancillary data to accomplish the estuary watershed analysis. The result shows that this framework is much more practical than the traditional processing procedure. Because much of the intermediate data processes being reduced, this framework can be effectively applied to support planning and decision in coastal estuary areas.

关 键 词：河口流域 一站式地理处理 遥感影像 DEM 流域分析 江苏海岸带 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]